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The chapters in this volume are based on presentations made at the
Second International Symposium on Nimodipine held in Miami Beach,
Florida, USA, on April 25 -28, 1990. The Symposium dealt primarily
with the results of recent clinical studies on the effects of
nimodipine in acute neurological disor- ders: subarachnoid
hemorrhage, acute ischemic stroke, cerebral resuscitation following
cardiac arrest and head trauma. The first session was devoted to
pharmacology of nimodipine and its effects in various models of
cerebral ischemia. Nimodipine was synthesized at the Research
Laboratories of Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany, by Meyer et al.; its
pharmacology was studied initially by Hoffmeister, Kazda,
Garthoffand Towart, also in Wuppertal. Nimodipine was found to be a
potent cerebral vasodilator and to reduce mortality in stroke-prone
spontaneously hypertensive rats. In addition to its cerebrovascu-
lar effects, nimodipine was shown to block L-type Ca2+ channels in
neurons, to reduce neuronal uptake of Ca2+ and to antagonize
various neurotoxins. The beneficial effects of nimodipine in the
treatment of disorders of central nervous system may be attributed
either to cerebrovascular or to a direct neuronal action with
evidence favoring increasingly the latter mechanism.
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