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This book first introduces a single polaron and describes recent
achievements in analytical and numerical studies of polaron
properties in different e-ph models. It then describes
multi-polaron physics as well as many key physical properties of
high-temperature superconductors, colossal magnetoresistance
oxides, conducting polymers and molecular nanowires, which were
understood with polarons and bipolarons.
While basic features of polarons were well recognized a long time
ago and have been described in a number of review papers and
textbooks, interest in the role of electron-phonon interactions and
polaron dynamics in di?- ent materials has recently gone through a
vigorous revival. Electron-phonon interactions have been shown to
be relevant in many inorganic and organic semiconductors and
polymers, colossal magnetoresistance oxides, and tra- port through
nanowires and quantum dots also often depends on vibronic
displacements of ions. These interactions presumably play a role in
hi- temperature superconductors as well. The continued interest in
polarons extends beyond the physical description of advanced
materials. The ?eld has been a testing ground for analytical,
semi-analytical, and numerical techniques, such as path integrals,
strong-coupling perturbation expansion, advanced variational
methods, exact diagonalization, Quantum Monte Carlo, and other
techniques. This book reviews some recent developments in the ?eld
of polarons, starting with the basics and covering a number of
active directions of research. Single- and multipolaron theories
have o?ered more insight into colossal magnetoresistance and in a
broad spectrum of ph- ical properties of structures with reduced
dimension and dimensionality such as transport, optical absorption,
Raman scattering, photoluminescence, magneto-optics, etc. While
nobody - at present - has a ?nal theory of hi- temperature
superconductivity, we discuss one alternative (polaronic) route. We
have bene?ted from discussions with many experts in the ?eld.
While basic features of polarons were well recognized a long time
ago and have been described in a number of review papers and
textbooks, interest in the role of electron-phonon interactions and
polaron dynamics in di?- ent materials has recently gone through a
vigorous revival. Electron-phonon interactions have been shown to
be relevant in many inorganic and organic semiconductors and
polymers, colossal magnetoresistance oxides, and tra- port through
nanowires and quantum dots also often depends on vibronic
displacements of ions. These interactions presumably play a role in
hi- temperature superconductors as well. The continued interest in
polarons extends beyond the physical description of advanced
materials. The ?eld has been a testing ground for analytical,
semi-analytical, and numerical techniques, such as path integrals,
strong-coupling perturbation expansion, advanced variational
methods, exact diagonalization, Quantum Monte Carlo, and other
techniques. This book reviews some recent developments in the ?eld
of polarons, starting with the basics and covering a number of
active directions of research. Single- and multipolaron theories
have o?ered more insight into colossal magnetoresistance and in a
broad spectrum of ph- ical properties of structures with reduced
dimension and dimensionality such as transport, optical absorption,
Raman scattering, photoluminescence, magneto-optics, etc. While
nobody - at present - has a ?nal theory of hi- temperature
superconductivity, we discuss one alternative (polaronic) route. We
have bene?ted from discussions with many experts in the ?eld.
There is a growing understanding that the progress of the
conventional silicon technology will reach its physical,
engineering and economic limits in near future. This fact, however,
does not mean that progress in computing will slow down. What will
take us beyond the silicon era are new nano-technologies that are
being pursued in university and corporate laboratories around the
world. In particular, molecular switching devices and systems that
will self-assemble through molecular recognition are being designed
and studied. Many labora tories are now testing new types of these
and other reversible switches, as well as fabricating nanowires
needed to connect circuit elements together. But there are still
significant opportunities and demand for invention and discovery be
fore nanoelectronics will become a reality. The actual mechanisms
of transport through molecular quantum dots and nanowires are of
the highest current ex perimental and theoretical interest. In
particular, there is growing evidence that both electron-vibron
interactions and electron-electron correlations are impor tant.
Further progress requires worldwide efforts of trans-disciplinary
teams of physicists, quantum chemists, material and computer
scientists, and engineers."
There is a growing understanding that the progress of the
conventional silicon technology will reach its physical,
engineering and economic limits in near future. This fact, however,
does not mean that progress in computing will slow down. What will
take us beyond the silicon era are new nano-technologies that are
being pursued in university and corporate laboratories around the
world. In particular, molecular switching devices and systems that
will self-assemble through molecular recognition are being designed
and studied. Many labora tories are now testing new types of these
and other reversible switches, as well as fabricating nanowires
needed to connect circuit elements together. But there are still
significant opportunities and demand for invention and discovery be
fore nanoelectronics will become a reality. The actual mechanisms
of transport through molecular quantum dots and nanowires are of
the highest current ex perimental and theoretical interest. In
particular, there is growing evidence that both electron-vibron
interactions and electron-electron correlations are impor tant.
Further progress requires worldwide efforts of trans-disciplinary
teams of physicists, quantum chemists, material and computer
scientists, and engineers."
High-temperature superconductivity has transformed the landscape of
solid state science, leading to the discovery of new classes of
materials, states of matter, and concepts. However, despite being
over a quarter of a century since its discovery, there is still no
single accepted theory to explain its origin. This book presents
one approach, the strong-coupling or bipolaron theory, which
proposes that high-temperature superconductivity originates from
competing Coulomb and electron-phonon interactions. The author
provides a thorough overview of the theory, describing numerous
experimental observations, and giving detailed mathematical
derivations of key theoretical findings at an accessible level.
Applications of the theory to existing high-temperature
superconductors are discussed, as well as possibilities of liquid
superconductors and higher critical temperatures. Alternative
theories are also examined to provide a balanced and informative
perspective. This monograph will appeal to advanced researchers and
academics in the fields of condensed matter physics and
quantum-field theories.
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