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This book presents a set of papers from the leading edge of current
research on productivity analysis. The focus is on alternative
forms of measurement, methods, and their implications. The book
begins with a chapter by V. Corbo and J. de Melo comparing the
effects of using different production frontier models for measuring
technical efficiency when using census data. The second chapter (by
H. Pesaran and R. Tarling) is a detailed analysi.s of measurement
of labor and its variations over time. The next two chapters
concern the measurement of capital. The first of these is written
by M. F. Mohr; the second is by B. M. Fraumeni and D. W. Jorgenson.
The final chapter is by I. B. Kravis, A. W. Heston, and R. Summers
and concerns the behavior of productivity and service prices.
Decisions for improving productivity rely upon explicit as well as
implicit assumptions on how productivity is related to a variety of
factors. Determining the right relationships hinges on how these
factors are measured and how the models are set. This is why better
understanding of measurement issues and behavior of variables
related to productivity can lead more effective policies. We plan
to continue in this series to present the current research of major
different schools of thought in the field."
A. Dogramaci and N.R. Adam Productivity of a firm is influenced
both by economic forces which act at the macro level and impose
themselves on the individual firm as well as internal factors that
result from decisions and processes which take place within the
boundaries of the firm. Efforts towards increasing the produc
tivity level of firms need to be based on a sound understanding of
how the above processes take place. Our objective in this volume is
to present some of the recent research work in this field. The
volume consists of three parts. In part I, two macro issues are
addressed (taxation and inflation) and their relation to produc
tivity is analyzed. The second part of the volume focuses on
methods for productivity analysis within the firm. Finally, the
third part of the book deals with two additional productivity
analysis techniques and their applications to public utilities. The
objective of the volume is not to present a unified point of view,
but rather to cover a sample of different methodologies and
perspectives through original, scholarly papers."
1 Nabil R. Adam and Ali Dogramaci Measuring, analyzing, and
improving productivity in a given organization is a complex process
that involves the contributions of economists, industrial
engineers, operations researchers, management scientists, and
lawyers. The objective of this book is to provide the reader with a
sample of original papers that relate to these productivity topics
at the organizational level. In the book, the word organization
refers to business firms and municipal organizations. The hook is
divided into three parts: perspectives on productivity mea
surement, a range of studies at the micro level, and some
productivity issues in public organizations. Part I, which consists
of three chapters, deals with productivity measurement. The first
two chapters of this part cover a broad framework of measurement
concepts and techniques; the last chapter, on the other hand,
provides the reader with an example of productivity measurement for
a specific industry (in this case, food retail ing). Thus, a
spectrum of productivity measurement issues is covered in this part
of the book."
1 Ali Dogramaci and Nabil R. Adam 1.1. OVERVIEW With the decline of
U.S. productivity growth, interest has surged to under stand the
behavior of productivity measures through time, the conceptual
foundations of productivity analysis, and the linkage between
productivity performance and other major forces in the economy. The
purpose of this volume is to present a brief overview of some of
the concepts used in aggre gate and industry-level productivity
analyses and the results of some of the recent research in this
field. The book is divided into three parts. Part I covers some of
the methodo logical approaches used in aggregate and industry-level
productivity studies. Part II deals with the movement of labor
productivity measures through time. The papers in this part of the
book study productivity changes as uni variate time series and
analyze some of the characteristics of the patterns displayed. The
papers in Part III address the issues of measurement of capi tal,
the relation of capital formation to productivity growth, and the
rela tion of imported intermediate inputs to U.S. productivity
performance."
This book presents a set of papers from the leading edge of current
research on productivity analysis. The focus is on alternative
forms of measurement, methods, and their implications. The book
begins with a chapter by V. Corbo and J. de Melo comparing the
effects of using different production frontier models for measuring
technical efficiency when using census data. The second chapter (by
H. Pesaran and R. Tarling) is a detailed analysi.s of measurement
of labor and its variations over time. The next two chapters
concern the measurement of capital. The first of these is written
by M. F. Mohr; the second is by B. M. Fraumeni and D. W. Jorgenson.
The final chapter is by I. B. Kravis, A. W. Heston, and R. Summers
and concerns the behavior of productivity and service prices.
Decisions for improving productivity rely upon explicit as well as
implicit assumptions on how productivity is related to a variety of
factors. Determining the right relationships hinges on how these
factors are measured and how the models are set. This is why better
understanding of measurement issues and behavior of variables
related to productivity can lead more effective policies. We plan
to continue in this series to present the current research of major
different schools of thought in the field."
There is a wide variety of perspectives for productivity analysis.
The back grounds of different researchers and practitioners who
work on this topic include such fields as economics, business
administration, and industrial engineering, among others. Within
each such field, there are different schools of thought on the
theory and application of productivity analysis. Often it is not
difficult to observe a lack of communication among the advocates of
these separate schools. The purpose of this book is to present in a
single volume samples of alternative approaches to productivity
analy sis. This may be considered as a first step toward a better
communication among practitioners and researchers in the fields of
management, industrial engineering, and economics. The focus of the
book is on the United States, where the productivity growth problem
has been acute for some time. The book begins with a brief overview
chapter that covers some of the issues involved in productivity
analysis and a sample of methodological ap proaches presently in
use. After this introduction, we move to Chapter 2 where Solomon
Fabricant presents the issues related to measurement and analysis
at the macroeconomic level. In Chapter 3, C. Lowell Harriss
discusses concepts that he considers es sential for productivity
growth: capital formation, technological progress, and freedom."
A. Dogramaci and N.R. Adam Productivity of a firm is influenced
both by economic forces which act at the macro level and impose
themselves on the individual firm as well as internal factors that
result from decisions and processes which take place within the
boundaries of the firm. Efforts towards increasing the produc
tivity level of firms need to be based on a sound understanding of
how the above processes take place. Our objective in this volume is
to present some of the recent research work in this field. The
volume consists of three parts. In part I, two macro issues are
addressed (taxation and inflation) and their relation to produc
tivity is analyzed. The second part of the volume focuses on
methods for productivity analysis within the firm. Finally, the
third part of the book deals with two additional productivity
analysis techniques and their applications to public utilities. The
objective of the volume is not to present a unified point of view,
but rather to cover a sample of different methodologies and
perspectives through original, scholarly papers."
1 Nabil R. Adam and Ali Dogramaci Measuring, analyzing, and
improving productivity in a given organization is a complex process
that involves the contributions of economists, industrial
engineers, operations researchers, management scientists, and
lawyers. The objective of this book is to provide the reader with a
sample of original papers that relate to these productivity topics
at the organizational level. In the book, the word organization
refers to business firms and municipal organizations. The hook is
divided into three parts: perspectives on productivity mea
surement, a range of studies at the micro level, and some
productivity issues in public organizations. Part I, which consists
of three chapters, deals with productivity measurement. The first
two chapters of this part cover a broad framework of measurement
concepts and techniques; the last chapter, on the other hand,
provides the reader with an example of productivity measurement for
a specific industry (in this case, food retail ing). Thus, a
spectrum of productivity measurement issues is covered in this part
of the book."
1 Ali Dogramaci and Nabil R. Adam 1.1. OVERVIEW With the decline of
U.S. productivity growth, interest has surged to under stand the
behavior of productivity measures through time, the conceptual
foundations of productivity analysis, and the linkage between
productivity performance and other major forces in the economy. The
purpose of this volume is to present a brief overview of some of
the concepts used in aggre gate and industry-level productivity
analyses and the results of some of the recent research in this
field. The book is divided into three parts. Part I covers some of
the methodo logical approaches used in aggregate and industry-level
productivity studies. Part II deals with the movement of labor
productivity measures through time. The papers in this part of the
book study productivity changes as uni variate time series and
analyze some of the characteristics of the patterns displayed. The
papers in Part III address the issues of measurement of capi tal,
the relation of capital formation to productivity growth, and the
rela tion of imported intermediate inputs to U.S. productivity
performance."
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