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Chapters "Turing and Free Will: A New Take on an Old Debate" and
"Turing and the History of Computer Music" are available open
access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
License via link.springer.com.
In 1962, the publication of Thomas Kuhn’s Structure
‘revolutionized’ the way one conducts philosophical and
historical studies of science. Through the introduction of both
memorable and controversial notions, such as paradigms, scientific
revolutions, and incommensurability, Kuhn argued against the
traditionally accepted notion of scientific change as a progression
towards the truth about nature, and instead substituted the idea
that science is a puzzle solving activity, operating under
paradigms, which become discarded after it fails to respond
accordingly to anomalous challenges and a rival paradigm. Kuhn’s
Structure has sold over 1.4 million copies and the Times Literary
Supplement named it one of the “Hundred Most Influential Books
since the Second World War.” Now, fifty years after this
groundbreaking work was published, this volume offers a timely
reappraisal of the legacy of Kuhn’s book and an investigation
into what Structure offers philosophical, historical, and
sociological studies of science in the future.
In 1962, the publication of Thomas Kuhn's Structure
'revolutionized' the way one conducts philosophical and historical
studies of science. Through the introduction of both memorable and
controversial notions, such as paradigms, scientific revolutions,
and incommensurability, Kuhn argued against the traditionally
accepted notion of scientific change as a progression towards the
truth about nature, and instead substituted the idea that science
is a puzzle solving activity, operating under paradigms, which
become discarded after it fails to respond accordingly to anomalous
challenges and a rival paradigm. Kuhn's Structure has sold over 1.4
million copies and the Times Literary Supplement named it one of
the "Hundred Most Influential Books since the Second World War."
Now, fifty years after this groundbreaking work was published, this
volume offers a timely reappraisal of the legacy of Kuhn's book and
an investigation into what Structure offers philosophical,
historical, and sociological studies of science in the future.
Recently there has been a revival of interest in structuralist
approaches to science. Taking their lead from scientific
structuralists such as Henri Poincare, Ernst Cassirer, and Bertrand
Russell, some contemporary philosophers and scientists have argued
that the most fruitful approach to solving many problems in the
philosophy of science lies in focusing on the structural features
of our scientific theories. Much of the work in scientific
structuralism to date has been focused on the problem of scientific
realism, where it has been argued that even in cases of radical
theory change the most important structural features of predecessor
theories are preserved. These structural realists argue that what
our most successful theories get right about the world is these
abstract structural features, rather than any particular
ontological claims. More recently, philosophers of science have
adopted structuralist approaches to many other issues in the
philosophy of science, such as scientific explanation and
intertheory relations. The nine articles collected in this volume,
written by the leading researchers in scientific structuralism,
represent some of the most important directions of research in this
field. This book will be of particular interest to those
philosophers, scientists, and mathematicians who are interested in
the foundations of science.
Recently there has been a revival of interest in structuralist
approaches to science. Taking their lead from scientific
structuralists such as Henri Poincare, Ernst Cassirer, and Bertrand
Russell, some contemporary philosophers and scientists have argued
that the most fruitful approach to solving many problems in the
philosophy of science lies in focusing on the structural features
of our scientific theories. Much of the work in scientific
structuralism to date has been focused on the problem of scientific
realism, where it has been argued that even in cases of radical
theory change the most important structural features of predecessor
theories are preserved. These structural realists argue that what
our most successful theories get right about the world is these
abstract structural features, rather than any particular
ontological claims. More recently, philosophers of science have
adopted structuralist approaches to many other issues in the
philosophy of science, such as scientific explanation and
intertheory relations. The nine articles collected in this volume,
written by the leading researchers in scientific structuralism,
represent some of the most important directions of research in this
field. This book will be of particular interest to those
philosophers, scientists, and mathematicians who are interested in
the foundations of science.
Classical mechanics and quantum mechanics are two of the most
successful scientific theories ever discovered, and yet how they
can describe the same world is far from clear: one theory is
deterministic, the other indeterministic; one theory describes a
world in which chaos is pervasive, the other a world in which chaos
is absent. Focusing on the exciting field of 'quantum chaos', this
book reveals that there is a subtle and complex relation between
classical and quantum mechanics. It challenges the received view
that classical and quantum mechanics are incommensurable, and
revives another, largely forgotten tradition due to Niels Bohr and
Paul Dirac. By artfully weaving together considerations from the
history of science, philosophy of science, and contemporary
physics, this book offers a new way of thinking about intertheory
relations and scientific explanation. It will be of particular
interest to historians and philosophers of science,
philosophically-inclined physicists, and interested
non-specialists.
Recent work in quantum information science has produced a
revolution in our understanding of quantum entanglement. Scientists
now view entanglement as a physical resource with many important
applications. These range from quantum computers, which would be
able to compute exponentially faster than classical computers, to
quantum cryptographic techniques, which could provide unbreakable
codes for the transfer of secret information over public channels.
These important advances in the study of quantum entanglement and
information touch on deep foundational issues in both physics and
philosophy. This interdisciplinary volume brings together fourteen
of the world's leading physicists and philosophers of physics to
address the most important developments and debates in this
exciting area of research. It offers a broad spectrum of approaches
to resolving deep foundational challenges - philosophical,
mathematical, and physical - raised by quantum information, quantum
processing, and entanglement. This book is ideal for historians,
philosophers of science and physicists.
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