This book examines how young people in the 'new' European states construct their identities. This is the first generation to have wholly grown up within the context of these fully independent countries which have recently entered, or are about to enter, the European Union. The book is based on an original and unique study of a thousand young people, aged between twelve and nineteen, from fifteen European countries. Nearly 170 focus groups were conducted by the author between 2010 and 2012, and this data constitutes the empirical basis of the study. Ross offers a significant discussion on the nature of the construction of identities by young people, particularly in the European context. The book reflects a consistent theme of generational differences in the ways that they discuss their local, regional, national and sometimes European and global identities. The way in which they construct their identities is described as kaleidoscopic: there is a liquidity to the process, yet it shows a pattern and possesses certain regularities; it is a process that is both contingent and consistent.Themes explored include: -the construction of identity -the ability to express multiple identities -agency and liminality -an emerging sense of contemporary nationalism and patriotism. The book presents a significantly original contribution to the literature on identities. It provides a wealth of cross-national data, and offers a wide range of significant theoretical possibilities across a group of related disciplinary areas. The book illustrates the complexity and depth of young people's political conceptions in these countries, and amplifies and extends the classic works on young people's political socialisation.

Dr Alistair Ross is a University of Oxford academic whose previous work has been described by Ruby Wax as 'very, very smart'. This new introductory book strikes an easy balance between theory and practice. It takes the reader from the field's Freudian roots to its contemporary applications, skills and insights. Over the last 30 years, important new theoretical ideas, skills and clinical practices have emerged in counselling and psychotherapy. While key Freudian concepts like transference, counter-transference and the influence of the past on the present remain vital to psychodynamic work, research drawn from infant development, neuroscience, the role of the sacred, and intersubjective approaches to relationships has changed the way therapists understand and work with clients. Either in its own right or as part of an integrative approach, psychodynamic counselling and psychotherapy have an important role to play in developments to come. The book's features include: * A re-discovery of the importance and relevance of Freud for present-day therapeutic relationships. * An encounter with the breadth and depth of our understanding about, and experience of, the unconscious. * An introduction to research that has evolved after Freud, revealing new ways of applying his ideas. * A contemporary perspective on traditional counselling and psychotherapy skills, illustrated by vignettes and personal insights from Alistair Ross's professional practice. * An encouragement to develop new skills for relating at depth with our clients' past, present and future, motivated by revealing how life-changing therapy can be. This book is a must-read for trainee and practising (psychodynamic or integrative) therapists who want an overview of new thinking and practice or might benefit from greater insight into psychodynamic practice, applying Freud's theoretical world to improving the lives of real people today. 'It is good to see Alistair, a valued student of mine and now an equally valued colleague, taking up the torch for psychodynamic counselling and psychotherapy for a new generation. He has written a book that collates much of the valuable writing to date and at the same time adds new dimensions that should not be overlooked.' Michael Jacobs, Visiting Professor, University of Leeds and Bournemouth University, UK

Working class groups have historically been excluded from participation in higher education. Past decades have seen an expansion of the system towards a more inclusive higher education, but participation among people from working class groups has remained persistently low. Is higher education unattractive for these groups or are the institutions acting to exclude them?
This thought-provoking and revealing book examines the many factors and reasons why working class groups are under-represented in higher education. In particular, the book addresses issues around differential access to information about university, the value of higher education to working class groups, the costs of participating and the propensity to participate. Issues of gender and ethnicity are also explored and questions are raised for those who are currently involved in 'widening participation' projects and initiatives. A unique feature of the book is that its findings are drawn from an innovative study where the views of both working class participants and non-participants in higher education were explored.
This book will be of interest to students of social policy, educational studies and sociology of education at undergraduate and postgraduate level. Academics, researchers and policy makers nationally and internationally will also find it valuable.

Working class groups have historically been excluded from participation in higher education. Past decades have seen an expansion of the system towards a more inclusive higher education, but participation among people from working class groups has remained persistently low. Is higher education unattractive for these groups or are the institutions acting to exclude them?
This thought-provoking and revealing book examines the many factors and reasons why working class groups are under-represented in higher education. In particular, the book addresses issues around differential access to information about university, the value of higher education to working class groups, the costs of participating and the propensity to participate. Issues of gender and ethnicity are also explored and questions are raised for those who are currently involved in 'widening participation' projects and initiatives. A unique feature of the book is that its findings are drawn from an innovative study where the views of both working class participants and non-participants in higher education were explored.
This book will be of interest to students of social policy, educational studies and sociology of education at undergraduate and postgraduate level. Academics, researchers and policy makers nationally and internationally will also find it valuable.

Although curriculum is central to the schooling process, debates about it are rarely well informed. Over the past ten years there has been a dearth of books that have informed the debate by examining curriculum in a broader context, beyond the National Curriculum. Ross, in this refreshing re-examination of the area, opens up a more general debate on how the curriculum is shaped and the compromises made between different ideologies of the nature and purpose of education.

Although curriculum is central to the schooling process, debates about it are rarely well informed. Over the past ten years there has been a dearth of books that have informed the debate by examining curriculum in a broader context, beyond the National Curriculum. Ross, in this refreshing re-examination of the area, opens up a more general debate on how the curriculum is shaped and the compromises made between different ideologies of the nature and purpose of education.

'Globalization' and 'the Nation' provide significant contexts for examining past educational thinking and practice and to identify how education has been influenced today. This book, written collaboratively, explores country case studies - Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, the UK and USA as well as discussing the transnational European Union.

This book presents a series of analyses of educational policies - largely in the UK, but some also in Europe - researched by a team of social scientists who share a commitment to social justice and equity in education. We explore what social justice means, in educational policy and practice, and how it impacts on our understanding of both 'educational science' and 'the public good'. Using a social constructivist approach, the book argues that social justice requires a particular and critical analysis of the meaning of meritocracy, and of the way this term turns educational policies towards treating learning as a competition, in which many young people are constructed as 'losers'. We discuss how many terms in education are essentialised and have specific, and different, meanings for particular social groups, and how this may create issues in both quantitative survey methods and in determining what is 'the public good'. We discuss social justice across a range of intersecting social characteristics, including social class, ethnicity and gender, as they are applied across the educational policy spectrum, from early years to postgraduate education. We examine the ways that young people construct their identities, and the implications of this for understanding the 'public good' in educational practice. We consider the responsibilities of educational researchers to acknowledge these issues, and offer examples of researching with such a commitment. We conclude by considering how educational policy might contribute to a socially just, equitable and inclusive public good.

'This is a very, very smart book. It makes Freud accessible, interesting and relevant.' - Ruby Wax Sigmund Freud is rightly called the godfather of psychoanalysis. He forever changed the way we view ourselves and developed our understanding of human nature. His concepts have become part of our psychological vocabulary: unconscious thoughts and feelings, conflict, the meaning of dreams, the sensuality of childhood. He dared to try new methods and treatments. Everyone knows the term Freudian slip and has a basic understanding of his theories, however, Freud gave us a great deal more. From education to critical theory he changed the way we think. His ideas and clinical practices offer psychological insights that bring help and healing. Freud's work has suffused contemporary Western thought and popular culture. He is the epitome of a pocket GIANT.

This book presents a series of analyses of educational policies - largely in the UK, but some also in Europe - researched by a team of social scientists who share a commitment to social justice and equity in education. We explore what social justice means, in educational policy and practice, and how it impacts on our understanding of both 'educational science' and 'the public good'. Using a social constructivist approach, the book argues that social justice requires a particular and critical analysis of the meaning of meritocracy, and of the way this term turns educational policies towards treating learning as a competition, in which many young people are constructed as 'losers'. We discuss how many terms in education are essentialised and have specific, and different, meanings for particular social groups, and how this may create issues in both quantitative survey methods and in determining what is 'the public good'. We discuss social justice across a range of intersecting social characteristics, including social class, ethnicity and gender, as they are applied across the educational policy spectrum, from early years to postgraduate education. We examine the ways that young people construct their identities, and the implications of this for understanding the 'public good' in educational practice. We consider the responsibilities of educational researchers to acknowledge these issues, and offer examples of researching with such a commitment. We conclude by considering how educational policy might contribute to a socially just, equitable and inclusive public good.

"Research Ethics for Counsellors, Nurses & Social Workers" is designed to help you make the best start in your research career. With ethical implications and considerations arising at each stage of the research process, engaging with the wide range of issues and ideas can often prove a challenge. Dee Danchev and Alastair Ross will help you overcome this challenge and become confident, skilled researchers by providing you with: -An in-depth explanation of the theoretical base for a range of ethical demands and approaches, equipping you with the tools to make the right decisions for your project. -Key research ethics findings so students can apply the latest thinking to your research practice. -Short case examples and checklists to help you apply theory to practice and reflect on what you have learned. -Further reading and important resources to support your continued learning. Whether you are an experienced researcher or coming to research for the first time, this highly practical, step by step guide, is a must for your bookshelf. Dee Danchev is a counselling psychologist and Pastoral Advisor at Nuffield College, Oxford. Alistair Ross is Director of Psychodynamic Studies and Dean of Kellogg College, Oxford.

This book examines how young people in Europe construct their political identities. Based on small discussion groups with 2000 young people across 29 European states, Alistair Ross explores how 13 to 20 year olds build identities in contemporary society, creating contingent narratives of local, national and European identities with families, friends and social media. As well as exploring what these kaleidoscopic identities look like and the sources they draw on, it also examines how these accounts are assembled and integrated with each other. The study uses deliberative discussions to allow young people to develop their own constructs and terms in conversation with each other. This analysis presents a complex polyphonic of political beliefs and values of rights, which young Europeans attach to political structures and institutions that often transcend traditional boundaries of state and nation. Finding Political Identities will be of interest to postgraduate students and academics across Education, Sociology, Politics and European Studies, especially those with a focus on Social Constructionism, Citizenship, Identity Studies, Social Policy, and Youth Studies.

This book examines how young people in Europe construct their political identities. Based on small discussion groups with 2000 young people across 29 European states, Alistair Ross explores how 13 to 20 year olds build identities in contemporary society, creating contingent narratives of local, national and European identities with families, friends and social media. As well as exploring what these kaleidoscopic identities look like and the sources they draw on, it also examines how these accounts are assembled and integrated with each other. The study uses deliberative discussions to allow young people to develop their own constructs and terms in conversation with each other. This analysis presents a complex polyphonic of political beliefs and values of rights, which young Europeans attach to political structures and institutions that often transcend traditional boundaries of state and nation. Finding Political Identities will be of interest to postgraduate students and academics across Education, Sociology, Politics and European Studies, especially those with a focus on Social Constructionism, Citizenship, Identity Studies, Social Policy, and Youth Studies.

"Research Ethics for Counsellors, Nurses & Social Workers" is designed to help you make the best start in your research career. With ethical implications and considerations arising at each stage of the research process, engaging with the wide range of issues and ideas can often prove a challenge. Dee Danchev and Alastair Ross will help you overcome this challenge and become confident, skilled researchers by providing you with: -An in-depth explanation of the theoretical base for a range of ethical demands and approaches, equipping you with the tools to make the right decisions for your project. -Key research ethics findings so students can apply the latest thinking to your research practice. -Short case examples and checklists to help you apply theory to practice and reflect on what you have learned. -Further reading and important resources to support your continued learning. Whether you are an experienced researcher or coming to research for the first time, this highly practical, step by step guide, is a must for your bookshelf. Dee Danchev is a counselling psychologist and Pastoral Advisor at Nuffield College, Oxford. Alistair Ross is Director of Psychodynamic Studies and Dean of Kellogg College, Oxford.

Sigmund Freud's name is known throughout the world. He opened up the world of the unconscious, so people can understand themselves so much better than before. His unique ideas are discussed in academic circles. His psychoanalytic techniques influenced mental health, counselling, psychotherapy and psychiatry. His words form part of everyday language. Lying on a couch and having dreams interpreted by an analyst is an iconic picture of modern life and popular culture. Sigmund Freud: A Reference Guide to Her Life and Work captures his eventful life, his works, and his legacy. The volume features a chronology, an introduction, a comprehensive bibliography, and the dictionary section lists entries on Freud, his family, friends (and foes), colleagues, and the evolution of psychoanalysis.