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All physicists are familiar with Hooke's law of springs, but few
will know of his theory of combustion, that his Micrographia was
the first book on microscopy, that his astronomical observations
were some of the best seen at the time, that he contributed to the
knowledge of respiration, insect flight and the properties of
gases, that his work on gravitation preceded that of Newton's, that
he invented the universal joint, and that he was an architect of
distinction and a surveyor for the City of London after the Great
Fire. England's Leonardo is a biography of Hooke covering all
aspects of his work, from his early life on the Isle of Wight
through his time at Oxford University, where he became part of a
group who would form the original Fellowship of the Royal Society.
The author adopts a novel approach at this stage, dividing the book
by chapter according to the fields of research-Physiology,
Engineering, Microscopy, Astronomy, Geology, and Optics-in which
Hooke applied himself. The book concludes with a chapter
considering the legacy of Hooke and his impact on science.
'An irresistible biography of one of Oxford's most colourful
characters.' John Hedley Brooke In 1824, William Buckland stood in
front of the Royal Geological Society and told them about the bones
he had been studying - the bones of an enormous, lizard-like
creature, that he called Megalosaurus. This was the first full
account of a dinosaur. During his life, Buckland would also
demonstrate changes in the earth's climate, champion health reform,
wage war on slum landlords, and become infamous for eating
everything he could, even a mummified human heart. Yet his name has
been largely, and unjustly, forgotten. In this brilliantly
entertaining, colourful biography - the first to be written for
over a century - Allan Chapman brings William Buckland back into
the light and explores his fascinating life in full. From his
pioneering of geology and agricultural science to becoming Dean of
Westminster, Caves, Coprolites and Catastrophes reveals a giant of
intellect whose achievements helped revolutionise the British
scientific community. Carefully balancing Buckland's more eccentric
escapades with his scientific prowess and the clash between science
and religion in the 19th Century, Caves, Coprolites and
Catastrophes is vivid, informative and thoroughly compelling. A
captivating story packed full of compelling insights into the world
of Victorian science and its relationship with the Christian faith,
Caves, Coprolites and Catastrophes is an unmissable biography of an
exceptional scientist whose legacy extends down to this day.
From earliest times, man has struggled to control his environment
and his fate, and a big part of that has always been his health.
From the ancients onwards, the study of medicine, including
surgery, has exercised some of the greatest minds - and brought
profits to some of the less great. Drawing on sources across Europe
and beyond, including the huge contributions to medicine made in
medieval Arabia and India, Chapman takes us on a whirlwind tour of
what was known when, and what impact it had.
All physicists are familiar with Hooke's law of springs, but few
will know of his theory of combustion, that his Micrographia was
the first book on microscopy, that his astronomical observations
were some of the best seen at the time, that he contributed to the
knowledge of respiration, insect flight and the properties of
gases, that his work on gravitation preceded that of Newton's, that
he invented the universal joint, and that he was an architect of
distinction and a surveyor for the City of London after the Great
Fire. England's Leonardo is a biography of Hooke covering all
aspects of his work, from his early life on the Isle of Wight
through his time at Oxford University, where he became part of a
group who would form the original Fellowship of the Royal Society.
The author adopts a novel approach at this stage, dividing the book
by chapter according to the fields of research-Physiology,
Engineering, Microscopy, Astronomy, Geology, and Optics-in which
Hooke applied himself. The book concludes with a chapter
considering the legacy of Hooke and his impact on science.
This book will take the story of astronomy on from where Allan
Chapman left it in Stargazers, and bring it almost up to date, with
the developments and discoveries of the last three centuries. He
covers the big names - Halley, Hooke, Herschel, Hubble and Hoyle;
and includes the women who pushed astronomy forward, from Caroline
Herschel to the Victorian women astronomers. He includes the big
discoveries and the huge ideas, from the Milky War, to the Big
Bang, the mighty atom, and the question of life on other planets.
And he brings in the contributions made in the US, culminating in
their race with the USSR to get a man on the moon, before turning
to the explosion of interest in astronomy that was pioneered by Sir
Patrick Moore and The Sky at Night.
Since the dawn of time, man has sought to improve his health and
that of his neighbour. The human race, around the world, has been
on a long and complex journey, seeking to find out how our bodies
work, and what heals them. Embarking on a four-thousand-year
odyssey, science historian Allan Chapman brings to life the origin
and development of medicine and surgery. Writing with pace and
rigorous accuracy, he investigates how we have battled against
injury and disease, and provides a gripping and highly readable
account of the various victories and discoveries along the way.
Drawing on sources from across Europe and beyond, Chapman discusses
the huge contributions to medicine made by the Greeks, the Romans,
the early medieval Arabs, and above all by Western Christendom,
looking at how experiment, discovery, and improving technology
impact upon one another to produce progress. This is a fascinating,
insightful read, enlivened with many colourful characters and
memorable stories of inspired experimenters, theatrical surgeons,
student pranks, body-snatchers, 'mad-doctors', quacks, and
charitable benefactors.
Mary Somerville (1780-1872), after whom Somerville College Oxford
was named, was the first woman scientist to win an international
reputation entirely in her own right, rather than through
association with a scientific brother or father. She was active in
astronomy, one of the most demanding areas of science of the day,
and flourished in the unique British tradition of Grand Amateurs,
who paid their own way and were not affiliated with any academic
institution. Mary Somerville was to science what Jane Austen was to
literature and Frances Trollope to travel writing. Allan Chapman's
vivid account brings to light the story of an exceptional woman,
whose achievements in a field dominated by men deserve to be very
widely known.
In a year that will probably be remembered almost as much for books about the millennium as for the turn of 2000 A.D itself, Patrick Moore's Millennium Yearbook celebrates.....well, the wrong millennium! This thoroughly entertaining book - which is for everyone, not just astronomers - contains articles on King Alfred's chronological work, reviews of the new Star Catalogue by the Arab Al-Sufi and the latest edition of Ptolemy's Almagast. And foreshadowing the change to metric units by 1000 years, the book uses arabic numbers instead of Roman - but there is a conversion table if you have trouble with the idea of "zero" and prefer the older system.
Are science and faith, particularly Christianity, inevitably in
conflict, as the New Atheists proclaim? Have they not always been
so? Weren't early scientists hounded for their discoveries until
Darwin burst on the scene and sent faith packing? Not if you look
at the facts, says Dr Allan Chapman, who teaches the History of
Science at the University of Oxford. History shows us that Galileo
was not the victim of Church persecution - nor did Huxley "win" the
debate with Wilberforce. Drawing on contemporary sources, Dr
Chapman proves that the history of science and of faith always have
been closely intertwined. From the leading scientists of medieval
times, many in Holy Orders, to the seventeenth-century Popes who
maintained an astronomical observatory in the Vatican, to the
Christian people of science today, science and faith have grown up
together.
Nick Shepherd survives the terrorist attack, but becomes the prime
suspect. In his quest to unmask the true perpetrators, Nick runs
into trouble at UNRC, the oil company where he works, Stanford
University, his alma mater, and even at home. He loses his way, but
then embarks on a new, spiritual path which stretches him beyond
his imagination.
This fascinating and unique history reveals the major influence of
the Oxford Chemistry School on the advancement of chemistry. It
shows how the nature of the University, and individuals within it,
have shaped the school and made great achievements both in teaching
and research. The book will appeal to those interested in the
history of science and education, the city of Oxford and chemistry
in general. Chemistry has been studied in Oxford for centuries but
this book focuses on the last 400 years and, in particular, the
seminal work of Robert Boyle, Robert Hooke, and the proto- Royal
Society of the 1650's. Arranged in chronological fashion, it
includes specialist studies of particular areas of innovation. The
book shows that chemistry has advanced, not just as a consequence
of research but, because of the idiosynchratic nature of the
collegiate system and the characters of the individuals involved.
In other words, it demonstrates that science is a human endeavour
and its advance in any institution is conditioned by the
organization and people within it. For chemists, the main appeal
will be the book's examination of the way separate branches of
chemistry (organic, physical, inorganic and biological) have
evolved in Oxford. It also enables comparison with the development
of the subject at other universities such as Cambridge, London and
Manchester. For historians and sociologists, the book reveals the
motivations of both scientists and non-scientists in the management
of the School. It exposes the unusual character of Oxford
University and the tensions between science and administration. The
desire of the college to retain its academic values in the face of
external and financial pressures is emphasized.
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