The development of EU enlargement has raised many thorny issues unanticipated by the framers of the EC Treaty. A significant upshot of these issues is that the concept of European identity - defined in terms of such factors as culture, history and economics - has supplanted the long-dominant theme of 'widening and deepening,' particularly since the Union's expansion has become primarily eastward. The major contribution of this important book lies in its analysis of the conceptualization and perception of enlargement from various points of view, focusing on the concerns of stakeholders and the 'identity' conflicts and uncertainties incurred by enlargement initiatives. In the course of its presentation, it details the actual pre-accession Europeanization process and its complex history. Among the key elements discussed are the following: - the conflict between 'widening' and 'deepening' and the effect on EU institutional reform; - institutional requirements on candidate countries; - pre-accession criteria and negotiations; - administrative capacity, judicial capacity, and legal approximation in accession states; - capacity of the EU to absorb new Member States; and - EC law as part of European identity. Also covered are specific historical details of particular pre-accession negotiations (e.g., Greece, Spain, Portugal, Malta, and Cyprus), the still inconclusive negotiations with Turkey and the Western Balkan states, and political factors involved in the non-accession of Norway, Iceland and Switzerland. Assembling powerful evidence and applying incisive analysis, the author's conclusion shows that, absent further (and major) EU institutional reform, it will be difficult for an enlarging Union to continue to 'deliver the goods.' A watershed in the continuing great debate on the fulfilment of the EC Treaty's determination to foster and promote 'an ever closer union of the peoples of Europe,' this book will prove invaluable to anybody interested in the European integration project, particularly lawyers, academics, officials and policymakers in the EU Member States.

The last two decades changed the post-Soviet legal orders both quantitatively and qualitatively in such a manner, which can rarely be experienced in history. Though some of its aspects have already been analyzed, a comprehensive study of one of these legal orders in English is still missing. This volume attempts to fill this gap by analyzing the transformation of the Hungarian legal order between 1985 and 2005. It attempts to present the transformation of the Hungarian legal order from three different aspects. Firstly, it analyzes concrete legal questions, like the constitutional problems of accession to the European Union, dealing with the past, the status law, the development of minority protection, and the relationship between international and municipal law. Secondly, it tries to give a general theoretical overview on the last 20 years -- in the issues of law and politics, law and economy, legitimacy of the Constitution, law importation, culture and European integration, changes in legal thinking, and sociological and criminological characteristics of the transitions. Thirdly, it takes account of changes in the established areas of Hungarian legal science -- like constitutional law, agricultural law, criminal law, criminal procedure, consumer protection, environmental law, administrative law, financial law, civil law, civil procedure and social law.