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Since the introduction of ciprofloxacin in 1987, fluoroquinolones
have expanded far beyond their early role in the treatment of
urinary tract infections. Clinical applications beyond
genitourinary tract infections include upper and lower respiratory
infections, gastrointestinal infections, gynecologic infec- tions,
sexually transmitted diseases, and some skin and soft tissue
infections. Their ease of administration, favorable pharmacokinetic
properties, excellent tolerability, and efficacy give them enormous
potential for use and misuse alike. Quinolones have few common
adverse effects, most notably nausea, headache and dizziness. Less
frequent but more serious adverse events include prolongation of
the corrected QT interval, phototoxicity, liver enzyme abnor-
malities, arthropathy, and cartilage and tendon abnormalities.
While possess- ing many of the favorable properties of intravenous
agents, most fluoro- quinolones offer the convenience of oral
administration, thus contributing to decreased health-care costs
through increased outpatient therapy and short- ened hospital
stays. With the recent introduction of agents such as gatifloxacin
and moxifloxacin, the traditional Gram-negative coverage of
fluoroquinolones has been expanded to include Gram-positive
organisms, most importantly Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Since the introduction of ciprofloxacin in 1987, fluoroquinolones
have expanded far beyond their early role in the treatment of
urinary tract infections. Clinical applications beyond
genitourinary tract infections include upper and lower respiratory
infections, gastrointestinal infections, gynecologic infec- tions,
sexually transmitted diseases, and some skin and soft tissue
infections. Their ease of administration, favorable pharmacokinetic
properties, excellent tolerability, and efficacy give them enormous
potential for use and misuse alike. Quinolones have few common
adverse effects, most notably nausea, headache and dizziness. Less
frequent but more serious adverse events include prolongation of
the corrected QT interval, phototoxicity, liver enzyme abnor-
malities, arthropathy, and cartilage and tendon abnormalities.
While possess- ing many of the favorable properties of intravenous
agents, most fluoro- quinolones offer the convenience of oral
administration, thus contributing to decreased health-care costs
through increased outpatient therapy and short- ened hospital
stays. With the recent introduction of agents such as gatifloxacin
and moxifloxacin, the traditional Gram-negative coverage of
fluoroquinolones has been expanded to include Gram-positive
organisms, most importantly Streptococcus pneumoniae.
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