Oral cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers of the world. It is among the top ten reasons to cause death. Oral cancer ranks one among all the cancers caused among men, which represents 4% of all deaths among men. In women it stands third among all cancers and represent 2% of all deaths. Oral cancer due to its location in the most accessible part of the body, i.e. the mouth it can be detected in the early stages. However, because of lack of symptoms, especially pain, it is neglected and often recognized at the advanced stage thus a proper medical care is not reached in the initial stage. Hence it is important for all the health professionals to equip themselves with adequate knowledge to detect this disease at early stage.

The regeneration of the periodontium can be distinguished from many other regenerative processes because of the periodontium's extremely limited endogenous regenerative capability. Additionally, regeneration of the periodontium involves the regeneration of at least three unique tissues and their complex structures. Recent evidence suggests that periodontal ligament retains its regenerative capacity to different degrees throughout adulthood which is attributed to the remaining progenitor/stem cells within the periodontium that maintain their proliferation and differentiation potential and the regeneration of periodontal tissues can be stimulated using growth factors and other host modulating agents.