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Description: The chapters in this volume were originally presented
as papers at the 2009 colloquium of the Calvin Studies Society,
held to mark the five-hundredth anniversary of John Calvin's birth.
They offer a fresh evaluation of Calvin's ideas and achievements,
and describe how others--from his contemporaries to the
present--have responded to or built upon the Calvinist heritage.
This book dispels popular misperceptions about Calvin and
Calvinism, allowing readers to make a more accurate assessment of
Calvin's importance as a theologian and historical figure.
Contributions address areas in which Calvin's legacy has been most
controversial or misunderstood, such as his attitude toward women,
his advocacy of church discipline, and his understanding of
predestination. These essays also give a nuanced picture of the
impact of Calvinism by taking account of both the positive and
negative reactions to it from the early modern period to the
present. Part 1: Calvin: The Man and His Work Part 2: Appeal of and
Responses to Calvinism Part 3: The Impact of Calvin's Ideas
Endorsements: ""The essays in this volume do an admirable job of
carefully distinguishing Calvin and his influence from the myths
that have grown up around him, beginning with the myth that Calvin
is the most important figure of the tradition that has taken his
name, and that Calvinists always followed his advice. The temporal
and geographical reach of the analyses is impressive, extending
from Geneva through France and the Netherlands to Java and Korea,
and from Calvin himself to twentieth century political thought and
philosophy."" --Randall C. Zachman Professor of Reformation Studies
University of Notre Dame ""Among the late-blooming fruits of the
Calvin Jubilee in 2009 is Amy Nelson Burnett's John Calvin, Myth
and Reality. The articles gathered here inform, engage, correct,
and sometimes even delight the reader. The team of scholars
demonstrates the wide audience that Calvin still attracts, while
the depth of the scholarship promises an ongoing benefit to both
the novice and the advanced scholar."" --R. Ward Holder Associate
Professor of Theology Saint Anselm College About the
Contributor(s): Amy Nelson Burnett is Professor of History at the
University of Nebraska-Lincoln. She is the author of Teaching the
Reformation: Ministers and Their Message in Basel, 1529-1629
(2006), and The Yoke of Christ: Martin Bucer and Christian
Discipline (1994).
In Debating the Sacraments, Amy Nelson Burnett brings together the
foundational disputes regarding the baptism and the Lord's Supper
that laid the groundwork for the development of two Protestant
traditions-Lutheran and Reformed-as well as of dissenting
Anabaptist movements. Burnett places these disputes in the context
of early print culture, tracing their development in a range of
publications and their impact on the wider public. Burnett examines
not only the writings of the major reformers, but also the
reception of their ideas in the pamphlets of lesser known figures,
as well as the role of translators, editors, and printers in
exacerbating the conflict among both literate and illiterate
audiences. Following the chronological unfolding of the debates,
Burnett observes how specific arguments were formed in the crucible
of written critique and pierces several myths that have governed
our understanding of the sacramental controversies. She traces the
influence of Erasmus on Luther's followers outside of Wittenberg
and highlights the critical question of authority, particularly in
interpreting the Bible. Erasmus and Luther disagreed not only about
the relationship between the material world and spiritual reality
but also on biblical hermeneutics and scriptural exegesis. Their
disagreements underlay the public debates over baptism and the
Lord's Supper that broke out in 1525 and divided the evangelical
movement. Erasmus's position would be reflected not only in the
views of Huldrych Zwingli and others who shared his orientation
toward the sacraments but also in the developing theologies of the
Anabaptist movement of the 1520s. The neglected period of 1525-1529
emerges as a crucial phase of the early Reformation, when
evangelical theologies were still developing, and which paved the
way for the codification of theological differences in church
ordinances, catechisms, and confessions of subsequent decades.
The debate over the Lord's Supper had momentous consequences for
the Reformation, causing the division of the evangelical movement,
influencing the formation of political alliances, and contributing
to cultural differences among the Protestant territories of Germany
and Switzerland. Karlstadtand the Origins of the Eucharistic
Controversy is the first full-length study of the beginning of that
debate. Going beyond the traditional focus on Martin Luther and
Ulrich Zwingli, it emphasizes the diversity of the "sacramentarian"
challenge to traditional belief in Christ's corporeal presence in
the bread and wine of the Eucharist, and it re-evaluates the
significance of Luther's colleague, Andreas Bodenstein von
Karlstadt, for the debate. Burnett describes Luther's earliest
criticisms of the mass and the efforts in Wittenberg to reform
liturgical praxis to correspond with his ideas. She then looks at
pamphlets written by other reformers to show how Luther's
understanding of the sacrament was adapted and modified outside of
Wittenberg. Ultimately, Burnett shows how Karlstadt's eucharistic
pamphlets introduced into the public debate arguments that would
become standard Reformed criticisms of the Lutheran position. The
book also demonstrates the influence not only of Erasmus but also
of John Wyclif and the Hussites for discussions of the sacrament,
highlights the role of the reformers of Basel and Strasbourg for
developing the "Zwinglian" understanding of the Lord's Supper, and
draws attention to the early eucharistic theology of the Silesians
Kaspar Schwenckfeld and Valentin Krautwald. This book will be an
indispensable guide for readers seeking to understand the issues
surrounding the outbreak of the eucharistic controversy in the
sixteenth century.
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