Clopyralid is a selective, auxins type herbicide of pyridine carboxylic acid group which is used in the cultivation of vegetables for the control of broad leaf weeds of the family polygonaceae, compositae, legmuminosae and umbelliferae in sugarbeet, fodder beet, oilseed rape, brassica, onions, leeks strawberries, flax and grassland. About 8,91,662 lbs active ingredient of clopyralid was used in the US. Clopyralid can be consider as a safe herbicide for mammals as its LD50 for rat is 3738 (for male) and 2675 mg/kg (for female) but it could be harmful for the aquatic life for example rainbow trout and bluegill sunfish have the LD50 values 103.5 and 125.4 mg/kg repectively. study pertaining to its persistence behavior in soil is essential to get an idea about its extent of residue thereby predicting the risk of residual toxicity and ground water pollution. The work presented in this monograph have been submitted as a thesis for partial fulfillment of the M.Sc. degree program to G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar 263 145, (Uttarakhand), India under the guidance of Dr. N. K. Sand, Dr. Sudha Kanaujia, Dr. Anjana Srivastava and Dr. Shishir Tandon.

ROBOTIC PROCESS AUTOMATION Presenting the latest technologies and practices in this ever-changing field, this groundbreaking new volume covers the theoretical challenges and practical solutions for using robotics across a variety of industries, encompassing many disciplines, including mathematics, computer science, electrical engineering, information technology, mechatronics, electronics, bioengineering, and command and software engineering. Robotics is the study of creating devices that can take the place of people and mimic their behaviors. Mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, information engineering, mechatronics, electronics, bioengineering, computer engineering, control engineering, software engineering, mathematics, and other subjects are all included in robotics. Robots can be employed in a variety of scenarios and for a variety of objectives, but many are now being used in hazardous areas (such as radioactive material inspection, bomb detection, and deactivation), manufacturing operations, or in conditions where humans are unable to live (e.g. in space, underwater, in high heat, and clean up and containment of hazardous materials and radiation). Walking, lifting, speaking, cognition, and any other human activity are all attempted by robots. Many of today’s robots are influenced by nature, making bio-inspired robotics a growing area. Defusing explosives, seeking survivors in unstable ruins, and investigating mines and shipwrecks are just a few of the activities that robots are designed to undertake. This groundbreaking new volume presents a Robotic Process Automation (RPA) software technique that makes it simple to create, deploy, and manage software robots that mimic human movements while dealing with digital systems and software. Software robots can interpret what’s on a screen, type the correct keystrokes, traverse systems, locate and extract data, and do a wide variety of predetermined operations, much like people. Software robots can do it quicker and more reliably than humans, without having to stand up and stretch or take a coffee break.