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The importance of thermodynamics, particularly its Second
Principle, to all branches of science in which systems with very
large numbers of particles are involved cannot be overstated. This
book offers a panoramic view of non-equilibrium thermodynamics.
Perhaps the two most attractive aspects of thermodynamic
equilibrium are its stability and its independence from the
specifics of the particular system involved. Does an equivalent
exist for non-equilibrium thermodynamics? Many researchers have
tried to describe such stability in the same way that the Second
Principle describes the stability of thermodynamic equilibrium -
and failed. Most of them invoked either entropy, or its production
rate, or some modified version of it. In their efforts, however,
those researchers have found a lot of useful stability criteria for
far-from-equilibrium states. These criteria usually take the form
of variational principles, in terms of the minimization or
maximization of some quantity. The aim of this book is to discuss
these variational principles by highlighting the role of
macroscopic quantities. This book is aimed at a wider audience than
those most often exposed to the criteria described, i.e.,
undergraduates in STEM, as well as the usual interested and
invested professionals.
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