Over the last two decades floods have been described as the worst disaster in Tanzania. They have increased in frequency, magnitude and severity than before. In this regard, it has raised a need for assessing vulnerability which place communities at risk for flood disasters and analyzing ways to avert flood impacts by building socio-economic resilience of vulnerable communities. This book, lays a foundation on understanding of vulnerability as a root of disasters in communities. It reveals that floods themselves can not transform into disasters, only when meet with vulnerable conditions. The author notes that flood disasters occur due to socio-economic stresses like poverty, weak education, ill-preparedness for disasters, weak infrastructure and limited financial resources for implementation of disaster risk reduction activities. The analysis of the book intends to university students and lecturers in the field of Disaster Management. Also is suitable for policy makers and enforcers, governments and development partners dealing with disasters.Indeed it provides theoretical and practical guide towards reducing vulnerability and minimizing loses and injury from flood disasters.