This volume covers a wide range of topics in the most recent debates in the philosophy of mathematics, and is dedicated to how semantic, epistemological, ontological and logical issues interact in the attempt to give a satisfactory picture of mathematical knowledge. The essays collected here explore the semantic and epistemic problems raised by different kinds of mathematical objects, by their characterization in terms of axiomatic theories, and by the objectivity of both pure and applied mathematics. They investigate controversial aspects of contemporary theories such as neo-logicist abstractionism, structuralism, or multiversism about sets, by discussing different conceptions of mathematical realism and rival relativistic views on the mathematical universe. They consider fundamental philosophical notions such as set, cardinal number, truth, ground, finiteness and infinity, examining how their informal conceptions can best be captured in formal theories. The philosophy of mathematics is an extremely lively field of inquiry, with extensive reaches in disciplines such as logic and philosophy of logic, semantics, ontology, epistemology, cognitive sciences, as well as history and philosophy of mathematics and science. By bringing together well-known scholars and younger researchers, the essays in this collection - prompted by the meetings of the Italian Network for the Philosophy of Mathematics (FilMat) - show how much valuable research is currently being pursued in this area, and how many roads ahead are still open for promising solutions to long-standing philosophical concerns. Promoted by the Italian Network for the Philosophy of Mathematics - FilMat

This book offers a plurality of perspectives on the historical origins of logicism and on contemporary developments of logicist insights in philosophy of mathematics. It uniquely provides up-to-date research and novel interpretations on a variety of intertwined themes and historical figures related to different versions of logicism. The essays, written by prominent scholars, are divided into three thematic sections. Part I focuses on major authors like Frege, Dedekind, and Russell, providing a historical and theoretical exploration of such figures in the philosophical and mathematical milieu in which logicist views were first expounded. Part II sheds new light on the interconnections between these founding figures and a number of influential other traditions, represented by authors like Hilbert, Husserl, and Peano, as well as on the reconsideration of logicism by Carnap and the logical empiricists. Finally, Part III assesses the legacy of such authors and of logicist themes for contemporary philosophy of mathematics, offering new perspectives on highly debated topics-neo-logicism and its extension to accounts of ordinal numbers and set-theory, the comparison between neo-Fregean and neo-Dedekindian varieties of logicism, and the relation between logicist foundational issues and empirical research on numerical cognition-which define the prospects of logicism in the years to come. This book offers a comprehensive account of the development of logicism and its contemporary relevance for the logico-philosophical foundations of mathematics. It will be of interest to graduate students and researchers working in philosophy of mathematics, philosophy of logic, and the history of analytic philosophy.

This volume covers a wide range of topics in the most recent debates in the philosophy of mathematics, and is dedicated to how semantic, epistemological, ontological and logical issues interact in the attempt to give a satisfactory picture of mathematical knowledge. The essays collected here explore the semantic and epistemic problems raised by different kinds of mathematical objects, by their characterization in terms of axiomatic theories, and by the objectivity of both pure and applied mathematics. They investigate controversial aspects of contemporary theories such as neo-logicist abstractionism, structuralism, or multiversism about sets, by discussing different conceptions of mathematical realism and rival relativistic views on the mathematical universe. They consider fundamental philosophical notions such as set, cardinal number, truth, ground, finiteness and infinity, examining how their informal conceptions can best be captured in formal theories. The philosophy of mathematics is an extremely lively field of inquiry, with extensive reaches in disciplines such as logic and philosophy of logic, semantics, ontology, epistemology, cognitive sciences, as well as history and philosophy of mathematics and science. By bringing together well-known scholars and younger researchers, the essays in this collection - prompted by the meetings of the Italian Network for the Philosophy of Mathematics (FilMat) - show how much valuable research is currently being pursued in this area, and how many roads ahead are still open for promising solutions to long-standing philosophical concerns. Promoted by the Italian Network for the Philosophy of Mathematics - FilMat

Diplomarbeit aus dem Jahr 2006 im Fachbereich Politik - Internationale Politik - Region: Mittel- und Sudamerika, Note: 2,15, Universitat Augsburg, 180 Quellen im Literaturverzeichnis, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: In Venezuela existieren vornehmlich verfassungsrechtlich verankerte Institutionen politischer Partizipation, die von oben implementiert wurden und nicht aus der selbststandigen Mobilisierung des Volkes resultierten. Diese im Rahmen eines als politische Strategie zum Machterhalt verstandenen Populismus eingefuhrte Institutionalisierung von oben wird von der delegativen Demokratie unter Hugo Chavez gefordert. Durch die von oben implementierten Partizipationsmoglichkeiten werden die alten klientelistischen Netzwerke zerstort, und es entsteht eine neue Form direkter Partizipation, die auf dem Verhaltnis zwischen dem Volk und dem Fuhrer basiert. Der oppositionelle Teil der Bevolkerung bleibt von dieser Beziehung ausgeschlossen. Durch die Reaktionen der aus der Beziehung zwischen Fuhrer und Volk ausgeschlossenen oppositionellen Gruppen entwickeln sich Putschdrohungen und ziviler Widerstand als neue politische Partizipationsformen. Andererseits werden durch die Institutionalisierung von oben den mehrheitlich regierungstreuen unteren Schichten der Bevolkerung neue Optionen zu deren Rolle im politischen Entscheidungsprozess unterbreitet. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es, den Populismus in Venezuela seit der Wiedereinfuhrung der Demokratie 1958 unter Berucksichtigung formaler und informeller Institutionen sowie der Entwicklung politischer Partizipationsformen zu beobachten und mit den neuen, von Hugo Chavez eingefuhrten Partizipationsformen in Verbindung zu bringen. Daruber hinaus soll durch die Charakterisierung des Populismus-Phanomens in Lateinamerika zum Verstandnis der auftretenden Demokratiedefizite beigetragen werden, da in dieser Region der Populismus historisch in der Gesellschaft verankert ist und bis heute die politische Kultur beeinflusst. Die vo