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The review papers in this volume provide an in-depth examination of
complex astrophysical phenomena of star formation via
multi-wavelength observations and modeling. Among the fundamental
issues discussed in the book are: The role of gravity and
magnetized turbulence in the formation and evolution of molecular
clouds The stellar feedback (supernovae, HII regions, winds, cosmic
rays) in regulating star formation The origin of the stellar
initial mass function and its universality across various
environments Jets, magnetic fields and high energy particles in
stellar clusters The origin of the first stars and black holes The
goal of these papers is to review the major processes governing
star formation and to investigate how they are interlinked. In
doing so, they provide an in-depth look at the tremendous
theoretical and observational progress that has been made in the
recent past and also outline future perspectives. Previously
published in Space Science Reviews in the Topical Collection "Star
Formation"
The review papers in this volume provide an in-depth examination of
complex astrophysical phenomena of star formation via
multi-wavelength observations and modeling. Among the fundamental
issues discussed in the book are: The role of gravity and
magnetized turbulence in the formation and evolution of molecular
clouds The stellar feedback (supernovae, HII regions, winds, cosmic
rays) in regulating star formation The origin of the stellar
initial mass function and its universality across various
environments Jets, magnetic fields and high energy particles in
stellar clusters The origin of the first stars and black holes The
goal of these papers is to review the major processes governing
star formation and to investigate how they are interlinked. In
doing so, they provide an in-depth look at the tremendous
theoretical and observational progress that has been made in the
recent past and also outline future perspectives. Previously
published in Space Science Reviews in the Topical Collection "Star
Formation"
Clusters of galaxies are large assemblies of galaxies, hot gas and
dark matter bound together by gravity. Galaxy clusters are now one
of the most important cosmological probes to test the standard
cosmological models. Constraints on the Dark Energy equation of
state from the cluster number density measurements, deviations from
the Gaussian perturbation models, the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect as
well as the dark matter proles are among the issues to be studied
with clusters. The baryonic composition of clusters is dominated by
hot gas that is in quasi-hydrostatic equilibrium within the dark
matter-dominated gravitational potential well of the cluster. The
hot gas is visible through spatially extended thermal X-ray
emission, and it has been studied extensively both for assessing
its physical properties and as a tracer of the large-scale
structure of the Universe. Magnetic fields as well as a number of
non-thermal plasma processes play a role in clusters of galaxies as
we observe from radioastronomical observations. The goal of this
volume is to review these processes and to investigate how they are
interlinked. Overall, these papers provide a timely and
comprehensive review of the multi-wavelength observations and
theoretical understanding of clusters of galaxies in the
cosmological context. Thus, the volume will be particularly useful
to postgraduate students and researchers active in various areas of
astrophysics and space science. Originally published in Space
Science Reviews in the Topical Collection "Clusters of Galaxies:
Physics and Cosmology"
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