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Winner of the International Studies in Poverty Prize awarded by the
Comparative Research Programme on Poverty (CROP) and Zed Books.
Poverty has become the central focus of global development efforts,
with a vast body of research and funding dedicated to its
alleviation. And yet, the field of poverty studies remains deeply
ideological and has been used to justify wealth and power within
the prevailing world order. Andrew Martin Fischer clarifies this
deeply political character, from conceptions and measures of
poverty through to their application as policies. Poverty as
Ideology shows how our dominant approaches to poverty studies have,
in fact, served to reinforce the prevailing neoliberal ideology
while neglecting the wider interests of social justice that are
fundamental to creating more equitable societies. Instead, our
development policies have created a 'poverty industry' that
obscures the dynamic reproductions of poverty within contemporary
capitalist development and promotes segregation in the name of
science and charity. Fischer argues that an effective and lasting
solution to global poverty requires us to reorient our efforts away
from current fixations on productivity and towards more equitable
distributions of wealth and resources. This provocative work offers
a radical new approach to understanding poverty based on a
comprehensive and accessible critique of key concepts and research
methods. It upends much of the received wisdom to provide an
invaluable resource for students, teachers and researchers across
the social sciences.
Winner of the International Studies in Poverty Prize awarded by the
Comparative Research Programme on Poverty (CROP) and Zed Books.
Poverty has become the central focus of global development efforts,
with a vast body of research and funding dedicated to its
alleviation. And yet, the field of poverty studies remains deeply
ideological and has been used to justify wealth and power within
the prevailing world order. Andrew Martin Fischer clarifies this
deeply political character, from conceptions and measures of
poverty through to their application as policies. Poverty as
Ideology shows how our dominant approaches to poverty studies have,
in fact, served to reinforce the prevailing neoliberal ideology
while neglecting the wider interests of social justice that are
fundamental to creating more equitable societies. Instead, our
development policies have created a 'poverty industry' that
obscures the dynamic reproductions of poverty within contemporary
capitalist development and promotes segregation in the name of
science and charity. Fischer argues that an effective and lasting
solution to global poverty requires us to reorient our efforts away
from current fixations on productivity and towards more equitable
distributions of wealth and resources. This provocative work offers
a radical new approach to understanding poverty based on a
comprehensive and accessible critique of key concepts and research
methods. It upends much of the received wisdom to provide an
invaluable resource for students, teachers and researchers across
the social sciences.
Series: Studies in Modern Tibetan Culture, Lexington Books
Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University Since the
central government of China started major campaigns for western
development in the mid-1990s, the economies of the Tibetan areas in
Western China have grown rapidly and living standards have
improved. However, grievances and protests have also intensified,
as dramatically evidenced by the protests that spread across most
Tibetan areas in spring 2008 and by the more recent wave of
self-immolation protests that started in 2011. This book offers a
detailed and careful exploration of this synergy between
development and conflict in Tibet from the mid-1990s onwards, when
rapid economic growth has occurred in tandem with a particularly
assimilationist approach of integrating Tibet into China. Fischer
argues that the intensified economic integration of Tibet into
regional and national development strategies on these
assimilationist terms, within a context of continued political
disempowerment, and through the massive channeling of subsidies
through Han Chinese dominated entities based outside the Tibetan
areas, has accentuated various dynamics of subordination and
marginalization faced by Tibetans of all social strata. Whether or
not these dynamics are intended to be discriminatory, they
effectively accentuate the discriminatory, assimilationist and
disempowering characteristics of development, even while producing
considerable improvements in the material consumption of local
Tibetans. In particular, strong cultural, linguistic and political
biases intensify ethnically-exclusionary dynamics among middle and
upper strata of the Tibetan labor force, which is problematic
considering the rapid shift of Tibetans out of agriculture and
towards the highly subsidy-dependent sectors of the economy,
especially in urban areas. The combination of these disempowering
dynamics with the sheer speed of dislocating and disembedding
social change provides important insights into recent tensions
given that it has accentuated insecurity while restricting the
ability of Tibetan communities to adapt in autonomous and
self-determined ways. The study represents one of the only
macro-level and systemic analyses of its kind in the scholarship on
Tibet, based on accessible economic analysis and extensive
interdisciplinary fieldwork. It also carries much interest for
those interested in China and in the interactions between
development, inequality, exclusion and conflict more generally.
Series: Studies in Modern Tibetan Culture, Lexington Books
Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University Since the
central government of China started major campaigns for western
development in the mid-1990s, the economies of the Tibetan areas in
Western China have grown rapidly and living standards have
improved. However, grievances and protests have also intensified,
as dramatically evidenced by the protests that spread across most
Tibetan areas in spring 2008 and by the more recent wave of
self-immolation protests that started in 2011. This book offers a
detailed and careful exploration of this synergy between
development and conflict in Tibet from the mid-1990s onwards, when
rapid economic growth has occurred in tandem with a particularly
assimilationist approach of integrating Tibet into China. Fischer
argues that the intensified economic integration of Tibet into
regional and national development strategies on these
assimilationist terms, within a context of continued political
disempowerment, and through the massive channeling of subsidies
through Han Chinese dominated entities based outside the Tibetan
areas, has accentuated various dynamics of subordination and
marginalization faced by Tibetans of all social strata. Whether or
not these dynamics are intended to be discriminatory, they
effectively accentuate the discriminatory, assimilationist and
disempowering characteristics of development, even while producing
considerable improvements in the material consumption of local
Tibetans. In particular, strong cultural, linguistic and political
biases intensify ethnically-exclusionary dynamics among middle and
upper strata of the Tibetan labor force, which is problematic
considering the rapid shift of Tibetans out of agriculture and
towards the highly subsidy-dependent sectors of the economy,
especially in urban areas. The combination of these disempowering
dynamics with the sheer speed of dislocating and disembedding
social change provides important insights into recent tensions
given that it has accentuated insecurity while restricting the
ability of Tibetan communities to adapt in autonomous and
self-determined ways. The study represents one of the only
macro-level and systemic analyses of its kind in the scholarship on
Tibet, based on accessible economic analysis and extensive
interdisciplinary fieldwork. It also carries much interest for
those interested in China and in the interactions between
development, inequality, exclusion and conflict more generally.
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