Does the 'city region' constitute a new departure in urbanisation? If so, what are the key elements of that departure? The realities of the urban in the 21st century are increasingly complex and polychromatic. The rise of global networks enabled by supranational administrations, both governmental and corporate, strongly influences and structures the management of urban life. How we conceive the city region has intellectual and practical consequences. First, in helping us grasp rapidly changing realities; and second in facilitating the flow of resources, ideas and learning to enhance the quality of life of citizens. Two themes interweave through this collection, within this broad palette. First are the socio-spatial constructs and their relationship to the empirical evidence of change in the physical and functional aspects of urban form. Second is what they mean for the spatial scales of governance. This latter theme explores territorially based understandings of intervention and the changing set of political concerns in selected case studies. In efforts to address these issues and improve upon knowledge, this collection brings together international scholars building new data-driven, cross-disciplinary theories to create new images of the city region that may prove to supplement if not supplant old ones. The book illustrates the dialectical interplay of theory and fact, time and space, and spatial and institutional which expands on our intellectual grasp of the theoretical debates on 'city-regions' through 'practical knowing', citing examples from Europe, the United States, Australasia, and beyond. This book was originally published as a Special Issue of Regional Studies.

This book provides recently developed and tested methods for assessing the strengths and weaknesses of planning and policy options. Several contributions focus on new substantive areas of concern in planning evaluation, including environmental justice and sustainable urban development. Applications of evaluation in several planning contexts are demonstrated, and special problems that these pose are assessed. Several chapters address how to communicate the process and results to several stakeholder groups, and how to engage these groups in the evaluation process. Each chapter employs a real-world case in practice, thus dealing with the complexity of applying planning evaluation, and providing practical advice useful in similar situations.

Planning evaluation is required to establish the success of planning interventions - both of physical developments and new approaches. Yet this should not be a task undertaken purely by professionals without participation by those affected by the process and outcomes of the projects. This book provides case studies and advice on how to balance conservation with economic growth, the cost effectiveness of plans alongside the effects upon the community and the importance of engaging with all stakeholders involved in a project.

Practical aspects of the evaluation process covered include:

• how evaluation is used in planning
• introducing new kinds of information or criteria
• alternative ways of collecting/presenting information
• how strategic planning objectives are implemented in local practice.

International contributors provide empirical studies and cases of application which are of practical value to those involved in the evaluation of planning. The book concludes by offering a new paradigm - a locally oriented, context-specific, participatory and multi-disciplinary approach to planning evaluation.

Addressing the principles of sustainability, spatial planning, integration, governance and accessibility of transport, this book focuses on the problem of providing efficient and low energy transport systems which serve the needs of everybody.

It explores many of the new arguments, ideas and perceptions of mobility and accessibility in city-regions. Looking at evidence from Denmark, Sweden, The Netherlands, Germany and the UK, it considers the meaning of the key concepts of sustainable accessibility, the spatial planning model, and integrated territorial policies.

This book provides recently developed and tested methods for assessing the strengths and weaknesses of planning and policy options. Several contributions focus on new substantive areas of concern in planning evaluation, including environmental justice and sustainable urban development. Applications of evaluation in several planning contexts are demonstrated, and special problems that these pose are assessed. Several chapters address how to communicate the process and results to several stakeholder groups, and how to engage these groups in the evaluation process. Each chapter employs a real-world case in practice, thus dealing with the complexity of applying planning evaluation, and providing practical advice useful in similar situations.

Views on spatial planning and its role have changed significantly over the past few years and the issues it deals with have become increasingly more complex. There are more players involved in the development of a particular area or place than ever before and there is also a greater interest in urban design issues. There are also new ways of conceiving of place, space and society relations. It is therefore necessary that all those involved in the production, consumption and valuing of places and territories develop and (re)learn new ways of analyzing and managing space. This volume provides a platform for such a re-examination. It first discusses how spaces and places are understood and conceptualized, and offers a dialogue between different approaches to the understanding of space, emphasizing the need for a dynamic perspective. The book then goes on to examine the changing governance processes through various case studies, which illustrate a range of innovative spatial planning projects from across Europe and the United States. By bringing together an examination of both space and the process through which the space is created and managed, this volume offers a unique multi-dimensional understanding of spatial planning and suggests new ways of negotiating how society should shape and influence the transformation of places.

Does the 'city region' constitute a new departure in urbanisation? If so, what are the key elements of that departure? The realities of the urban in the 21st century are increasingly complex and polychromatic. The rise of global networks enabled by supranational administrations, both governmental and corporate, strongly influences and structures the management of urban life. How we conceive the city region has intellectual and practical consequences. First, in helping us grasp rapidly changing realities; and second in facilitating the flow of resources, ideas and learning to enhance the quality of life of citizens. Two themes interweave through this collection, within this broad palette. First are the socio-spatial constructs and their relationship to the empirical evidence of change in the physical and functional aspects of urban form. Second is what they mean for the spatial scales of governance. This latter theme explores territorially based understandings of intervention and the changing set of political concerns in selected case studies. In efforts to address these issues and improve upon knowledge, this collection brings together international scholars building new data-driven, cross-disciplinary theories to create new images of the city region that may prove to supplement if not supplant old ones. The book illustrates the dialectical interplay of theory and fact, time and space, and spatial and institutional which expands on our intellectual grasp of the theoretical debates on 'city-regions' through 'practical knowing', citing examples from Europe, the United States, Australasia, and beyond. This book was originally published as a Special Issue of Regional Studies.

Planning evaluation is required to establish the success of planning interventions both of physical developments and new approaches. Yet this should not be a task undertaken purely by professionals without participation by those affected by the process and outcomes of the projects. This book provides case studies and advice on how to balance conservation with economic growth, the cost effectiveness of plans alongside the effects upon the community and the importance of engaging with all stakeholders involved in a project.

Practical aspects of the evaluation process covered include:

• how evaluation is used in planning
• introducing new kinds of information or criteria
• alternative ways of collecting/presenting information
• how strategic planning objectives are implemented in local practice.

International contributors provide empirical studies and cases of application which are of practical value to those involved in the evaluation of planning. The book concludes by offering a new paradigm a locally oriented, context-specific, participatory and multi-disciplinary approach to planning evaluation.

Addressing the principles of sustainability, spatial planning, integration, governance and accessibility of transport, this book focuses on the problem of providing efficient and low energy transport systems which serve the needs of everybody.

It explores many of the new arguments, ideas and perceptions of mobility and accessibility in city-regions. Looking at evidence from Denmark, Sweden, The Netherlands, Germany and the UK, it considers the meaning of the key concepts of sustainable accessibility, the spatial planning model, and integrated territorial policies.

Views on spatial planning and its role have changed significantly over the past few years and the issues it deals with have become increasingly more complex. There are more players involved in the development of a particular area or place than ever before and there is also a greater interest in urban design issues. There are also new ways of conceiving of place, space and society relations. It is therefore necessary that all those involved in the production, consumption and valuing of places and territories develop and (re)learn new ways of analyzing and managing space. This volume provides a platform for such a re-examination. It first discusses how spaces and places are understood and conceptualized, and offers a dialogue between different approaches to the understanding of space, emphasizing the need for a dynamic perspective. The book then goes on to examine the changing governance processes through various case studies, which illustrate a range of innovative spatial planning projects from across Europe and the United States. By bringing together an examination of both space and the process through which the space is created and managed, this volume offers a unique multi-dimensional understanding of spatial planning and suggests new ways of negotiating how society should shape and influence the transformation of places.

Concern for more open, participative, devolved and integrated government has led many, including the UK Labour government, to re-examine the importance of place, space and territory. Applying an institutionalist approach, and deploying substantial original empirical evidence, this book makes a major contribution to understanding the emergence of more localised governance in England in the 1990s, with particular reference to the role of spatial planning systems.