Marriage is a part of human life which not only forms the sacred contract of union between two beings to begin a family but also forms the social fabric of any society .Now a days due to decreasing tolerance levels between intimate partners there is an increasing rate of divorces and separations globally which is destroying the social structure of nuclear familial units forming distorted societies on a macro level.In Pakistan the norm of separation and divorce is minimal and strongly looked down upon socially with individuals both male and female face severe social pressure in case of divorces which is stressful and destructive in nature for most people who chose to separate/ divorce with their intimate partners.Recently the societal pressure on divorces has started to decrease because of media exposure, deteriorating social values and human right movements. Thus increasing rates of divorce and separation cases are reported in Pakistan too.This study tried to find out relationship of romantic jealousy and self- esteems among married couples, as strong influencing factors in causing breakups, separation and divorces.

The purpose of the environmental health is to create and maintain the ecological conditions that will promote health and thus prevent disease. The large number of people around the world still do not have access to adequate water and sanitation, drainage and solid waste disposal services providing sufficient evidence that conventional approaches to environmental sanitation are unable to make a significant improvement. One of the essential elements of the public health care is safe drinking water and sanitation.Proper sanitation promotes health, improves the environment and thus, the quality of life in a community.

The frequency of diabetic patients taking proper foot care is highly insufficient. Proper Foot care practices are associated with provision of education of foot care and literacy status of patients. Most of diabetic patients are not provided with foot care educations and they are not offered regular foot examinations including patients with high risk feet. Frequencies of high risk behaviors are high. These malpractices are affecting the feet of diabetic patients. Our findings support, foot care education and regular foot examination as strategies for prevention of foot ulcers. Preventive practices must be reinforced so that patients without foot ulcers should not develop ulcers. Our study also high lights the need to increase foot care education along with proper diabetic foot clinics.

There are number of blood tests that reflect the condition of liver. Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) is one of the important and sensitive indicator of injury to liver cells although raised values can be caused by diseases unrelated to the liver. There is a tendency amongst clinicians to consider a raised serum alanine aminotransferase synonymous with a viral hepatitis, acute or chronic but there are a large number of unusually or frequently overlooked causes of raised serum alanine aminotransferase in addition to viral hepatitis. It is very important to consider these uncommon causes while investigating a patient for raised serum ALT because early detection may not only helpful in diagnosis but management of such cases as well. This study will not only help in earlier diagnosis of unusual causes of raised serum Alanine aminotransferase but also in management of such cases.

In third world countries due low level of education resulting in a large percentage of patients used inhaler incorrectly.The education level of patients had significant relationship with incorrect inhaler technique. Improving the education level of the society will improve inhaler techniques. The study is indicating the need to promote education level in third world countries and also awake up call for the health poly makers to introduce health education program about asthma and inhaler technique in their priority list. The short-term solution to this problem is effective patient and provider education. Health education efforts to teach patients how to use inhaler correctly should be stepped up. One example is use of labels with correct technique instructions on inhaler devices. There should be complete descriptions of inhaler use in text-books of both nurses and doctors.

Since first case of HIV was recognized in united states in 1981, HIV has spread rapidly throughout the world, statistics of joint United Nations program on HIV/AIDS and World Health Organization(WHO)2007, estimated number of persons living with HIV worldwide were 33.2 million.The AIDS epidemic update reports on the latest developments in the global AIDS epidemic has been published annually since 1998.The new HIV infected in 2007 were 2.5 million and the deaths due to the HIV in 2007 were around 2.1million worldwide.Half of the new infected cases today are young people aged between 15-24 years.The surveys from the many countries indicate that more than 50% of young people aged 15-24 years have misconceptions about how HIV/AIDS is spread. The young people do not have access to right information.Many studies has been conducted in different countries of the world in the university students.But no study has been conducted in madrasa/religious students.The madrasa / religious students in our country are coming from low socioeconomic class, because of the poverty and illiteracy they do not know much about the H

The determinants of the obesity lie within the home and school environment and the overall sociocultural phenomena. Children are spending an alarmingly large part of their daily time on sedentary activities, mostly on television. Having minimal physical activity opportunities both at school and home and easier access to energy rich fast foods are the major determinants of obesity. All the stakeholders in the society; government, education and health authorities, city planners and managers, transport, religious leaders and policy makers at the national and local level must realize that the childhood obesity has become a serious problem in Pakistani society. A major responsibility falls on the parents who have to provide the children healthiest possible environment available in the area. This is also true in terms of helping the children avail any opportunity to play and preventing the children from eating unhealthy high calorie-poor nutrition foods. Further studies are required to see the effects of exposure to other factors in addition to physical activity.