This study offers a unique evolutionary economics perspective on energy and innovation policies in the wider context of the transition to sustainable development. The authors include: an analysis of the environmental policy implications of evolutionary economics; a critical examination of current Dutch environmental and innovation policies and policy documents; and systematic evaluation of three specific energy technologies, namely fuel cells, nuclear fusion and photovoltaic cells, within the evolutionary-economic framework. Their analysis results in a number of very specific policy recommendations, which to some extent may be in conflict with current policy advice and practice. Evolutionary Economics and Environmental Policy will appeal to researchers, undergraduate and graduate students in environmental economics, environmental science, public economics and technology studies. It will also be valuable to policy advisors and policymakers whose decisions affect the environment either directly or indirectly.