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This thesis presents a systematic discussion of experimental
approaches to investigating the nonlinear interaction of ultrashort
visible strong fields with dielectrics directly in the time domain.
The key finding is the distinctly different peak-intensity
dependence of the light-matter energy transfer dynamics on the one
hand, and the observed transient optical and electronic
modifications on the other. As the induced electron dynamics evolve
on sub-femtosecond timescales, real-time spectroscopy requires
attosecond temporal resolution. This allows a range of parameters
to be identified where the optical properties of the samples
exposed to ultrashort light fields suffer dramatic changes allowing
signal metrology while real absorption leading to dissipation is
essentially absent. These findings indicate the feasibility of
efficient optical switching at frequencies several orders of
magnitude faster than current state-of-the-art electronics and thus
have far-reaching technological consequences.
This thesis presents a systematic discussion of experimental
approaches to investigating the nonlinear interaction of ultrashort
visible strong fields with dielectrics directly in the time domain.
The key finding is the distinctly different peak-intensity
dependence of the light-matter energy transfer dynamics on the one
hand, and the observed transient optical and electronic
modifications on the other. As the induced electron dynamics evolve
on sub-femtosecond timescales, real-time spectroscopy requires
attosecond temporal resolution. This allows a range of parameters
to be identified where the optical properties of the samples
exposed to ultrashort light fields suffer dramatic changes allowing
signal metrology while real absorption leading to dissipation is
essentially absent. These findings indicate the feasibility of
efficient optical switching at frequencies several orders of
magnitude faster than current state-of-the-art electronics and thus
have far-reaching technological consequences.
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