This book discusses how to collect data and analyze databases in order to map risk zones, and contributes to developing a conceptual framework for coastal risk assessment. Further, the book primarily focuses on a specific case study: the Bay of Bengal along the southeastern coast of India. The dramatic rise in losses and casualties due to natural disasters like wind, storm-surge-induced flooding, seismic hazards and tsunami incidence along this coast over the past few decades has prompted a major national scientific initiative investigating the probable causes and possible mitigation strategies. As such, geoscientists are called upon to analyze the coastal hazards by anticipating the changes in and impacts of extreme weather hazards on the Bay of Bengal coasts as a result of global climate change and local sea-level change.

Global Urban Heat Island Mitigation provides a comprehensive picture of global UHI micro-thermal interaction in different built environments. The book explains physical principles and how to moderate undesirable consequences of swift and haphazard urban development to create more sustainable and resilient cities. Sections provide extensive discussion on numerous UHI mitigation technologies and their effectiveness in cities around the globe. In addition, the book proposes novel UHI mitigation technologies and strategies while also assessing the effectiveness and suitability of UHI mitigation interventions in various climates and urban forms.

Urban Heat Island Modeling for Tropical Climates takes into account the different urban physics in tropical environments, presenting a way of UHI scaling for tropical cities. Topics include measuring, modeling and proper mitigation strategies, which account for the surface energy balance of tropics. Tropical cities are more susceptible to the effects of projected global warming because of conditions in tropical climates and the rapid growth of so many cities in this zone. The need for research on measuring, modeling and mitigation of UHI effects in tropical cities is of growing importance. This book walks through the basics of Urban Heat Islands, including causes, measurement and analysis then expands upon issues as well as the novel techniques that can be used to address issues specific to the region.

This book focuses on vulnerability issues associated with urban development over Dehradun paleo-alluvial fan. The city of Dehradun occupies the central part of the elongated piggy back syncline Doon Valley and sits on loose unconsolidated coarse clastic Doon gravels derived from the Lesser Himalayas being deposited by Bindal and Rispana river systems during the Late Pleistocene and Holocene age. Rapid and unmatched conversion of land into continuously built up area over the tectonically active, geomorphologically sensitive, structurally feeble, and hydrologically incapable area has grossly obliterated the natural setting. Thus the age old city has become susceptible to various physical hazards. The city area has been divided into geomorphological units having varying risk of being affected by different hazards like flash flood, landslide, and earthquake. This work examines the nature of urban space juxtaposed upon the physical space offered by the alluvial fan using satellite images; analyses of sedimentary facies, hydrological data and shear wave velocity data. Such information have been fused in GIS platform to a vulnerability map. This book is likely to help the urban planners.