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The issue of religious liberty has gained ever-increasing attention
among policy makers and the public at large. Whereas politicians
have long championed the idea of religious freedom and tolerance,
the actual achievement of these goals has been an arduous battle
for religious minorities. What motivates political leaders to
create laws providing for greater religious liberty? In contrast to
scholars who argue that religious liberty results from the spread
of secularization and modern ideas, Anthony Gill argues that
religious liberty results from interest-based calculations of
secular rulers. Using insights from political economists dating
back to Adam Smith, Gill develops a theory of the origins of
religious liberty based upon the political and economic interests
of governing officials. Political leaders are most likely to permit
religious freedom when it enhances their own political survival,
tax revenue, and the economic welfare of their country. He explores
his theory using cases from British America, Latin America, Russia,
and the Baltic states.
The issue of religious liberty has gained ever-increasing attention
among policy makers and the public. Whereas politicians have long
championed the idea of religious freedom and tolerance, the actual
achievement of these goals has been an arduous battle for religious
minorities. What motivates political leaders to create laws
providing for greater religious liberty? In contrast to scholars
who argue that religious liberty results from the spread of
secularization and modern ideas, Anthony Gill argues that religious
liberty results from interest-based calculations of secular rulers.
Using insights from political economists, Gill develops a theory of
the origins of religious liberty based upon the political and
economic interests of governing officials. Political leaders are
most likely to permit religious freedom when it enhances their own
political survival, tax revenue, and the economic welfare of their
country. He explores his theory using cases from British America,
Latin America, Russia, and the Baltic states.
Nowhere has the relationship between state and church been more
volatile in recent decades than in Latin America. Anthony Gill's
controversial book not only explains why Catholic leaders in some
countries came to oppose dictatorial rule but, equally important,
why many did not. Using historical and statistical evidence from
twelve countries, Gill for the first time uncovers the causal
connection between religious competition and the rise of
progressive Catholicism. In places where evangelical Protestantism
and "spiritist" sects made inroads among poor Catholics, Church
leaders championed the rights of the poor and turned against
authoritarian regimes to retain parishioners. Where competition was
minimal, bishops maintained good relations with military rulers.
Applying economic reasoning to an entirely new setting, "Rendering
unto Caesar offers a new theory of religious competition that
dramatically revises our understanding of church-state relations.
A marshal from an extinct autonomous order tries to redeem himself
by facing the slayer of the gods.
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