This work presents contributions from South African, European, and North American authors working in academic and governmental institutions. Chapters provide latest regional syntheses and discuss diverse topics, such as Acheulean hominin behaviour, Holocene hunter-gatherer subsistence, settlement patterns and land use patterns, human impact on marine environments and resource intensification, herder/ forager culture contact, physical anthropological studies, the impact of colonialism in developing new social and economic responses, and heritage management. A final chapter by Jon Erlandson discusses these contributions within a wider international context.