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An overview of speciation theory reveals an increasingly held view
that many events leading to the origin of new species occur in
transient, unstable populations. A transient, unstable population
should be under stood as a fast episodic phase in a population
subjected to genetic and environmental factors that tend to disrupt
its cohesive, balanced genome architecure, thus enhancing its
probability to produce a new species. Striking the core of
Darwinian thought, some authors claim that these* processes may be
non-adaptive. Among the environmental factors one may cite biotic
(e.g. resource availability) and abiotic (e.g. temperature) stress
conditions that break up the population stability producing random,
unpredictable changes in population size, population trait
distribution, breeding structure, inter- and/or intrapopulational
hybridization, etc. Genetic factors consist of those events that
induce rapid changes in genetic expression and/or that determine
reproductive isolation, such as substitutions, insertions,
deletions, duplications, transpositions, gross chromosomal
rearrangements, recombination and, in general, any mechanism that
changes the regulatory pattern of the organism or the balance of
its meiotic system. Both kinds of factors are often intertwined in
a complex net and may influence each other.
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