This thorough volume explores the possibility of detecting and identifying toxigenic fungi, able to produce secondary metabolites known as mycotoxins, which cause severe health problems in humans and animals after exposure to contaminated food and feed, having a broad range of toxic effects, including carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicity. Beginning with a section on fungal genera and species of major significance along with their associated mycotoxins, the book continues with sections on Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based methods for the detection and identification of mycotoxigenic fungi, PCR-based methods for multiplex detection of mycotoxigenic fungi, as well as sections on combined approaches and new methodologies. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Mycotoxigenic Fungi: Methods and Protocols will aid researchers working in this vital field to provide insight into possible actions to reduce mycotoxin contamination of crop plants and the food/feed byproducts.

This thorough volume explores the possibility of detecting and identifying toxigenic fungi, able to produce secondary metabolites known as mycotoxins, which cause severe health problems in humans and animals after exposure to contaminated food and feed, having a broad range of toxic effects, including carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive and developmental toxicity. Beginning with a section on fungal genera and species of major significance along with their associated mycotoxins, the book continues with sections on Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-based methods for the detection and identification of mycotoxigenic fungi, PCR-based methods for multiplex detection of mycotoxigenic fungi, as well as sections on combined approaches and new methodologies. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Mycotoxigenic Fungi: Methods and Protocols will aid researchers working in this vital field to provide insight into possible actions to reduce mycotoxin contamination of crop plants and the food/feed byproducts.

Hazardous volcanic activity continue to occur because of rising populations, development pressures and expanding national and international air traffic over volcanic regions. Moreover, rapid globalisation makes U.S. businesses, financial markets, and government interests vulnerable to volcano hazards throughout the world. This book addresses these concerns and addresses the question of whether volcanic activity has been increasing over the past decades. The world's highest volcanoes, their locations and their effects on the local populations are also examined. Additionally, volcanoes have many different types of eruptions. The duration of the eruptions, how often they occur, and the magma supply system and preparatory processes for these eruptions are reviewed. Finally, this book reviews the effects of mud volcanoes, occurring in different geologic settings around the world.

The limerick style of poetry was developed in England from the early 18th century. The often skillfully constructed verses are typically humorous or nonsense poems and generally have a five-line meter with a very strict rhyming pattern.Following the success of the ebook versions of A Pocket Full Of Limericks and Another Pocket Full Of Limericks, this volume is now available as both an ebook and a new traditional hard copy. It is a compendium of almost 400 limericks and nonsense verse for adults and children. It includes all of the limericks from the first two volumes, with more than 100 additional contributions.