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A wide range of natural hazards pose major risks to the lives and
livelihoods of large populations around the world. Man-made
disasters caused by technological failures, industrial accidents,
spillages, explosions, and fires, compound this threat. Since 9/11,
security threats based on violence (terrorism, insurgency, and
civil strife) have attracted much governmental attention and a
great deal of public resources. As the scale, frequency, and
intensity of disasters and crises have dramatically increased over
the last decade, the failures in responding to these crises have
prompted a critical need to evaluate the way in which the public
sector responds to disaster. What have we learned? What has changed
in the management of disasters and crises? What do we know about
the causes, patterns, and consequences of these events? This book
looks at some of the approaches that can be taken to empirically
examine disaster and crisis management practices. It contributes to
the literature on crisis and disaster management, as well as social
policy and planning. Introducing approaches that are applicable to
a variety of circumstances in the U.S. and in other countries, it
offers ways to think through policy interventions and governance
mechanisms that may enhance societal resilience. This book was
originally published as a special issue of Public Management
Review.
A wide range of natural hazards pose major risks to the lives and
livelihoods of large populations around the world. Man-made
disasters caused by technological failures, industrial accidents,
spillages, explosions, and fires, compound this threat. Since 9/11,
security threats based on violence (terrorism, insurgency, and
civil strife) have attracted much governmental attention and a
great deal of public resources. As the scale, frequency, and
intensity of disasters and crises have dramatically increased over
the last decade, the failures in responding to these crises have
prompted a critical need to evaluate the way in which the public
sector responds to disaster. What have we learned? What has changed
in the management of disasters and crises? What do we know about
the causes, patterns, and consequences of these events? This book
looks at some of the approaches that can be taken to empirically
examine disaster and crisis management practices. It contributes to
the literature on crisis and disaster management, as well as social
policy and planning. Introducing approaches that are applicable to
a variety of circumstances in the U.S. and in other countries, it
offers ways to think through policy interventions and governance
mechanisms that may enhance societal resilience. This book was
originally published as a special issue of Public Management
Review.
This open access book presents case studies of twelve organisations
which the public have come to view as institutions. From the BBC to
Doctors Without Borders, from the Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra
to CERN, this volume examines how some organisations rise to
prominence and remain in high public esteem through changing and
challenging times. It builds upon the scholarly tradition of
institutional scholarship pioneered by Philip Selznick, and
highlights common themes in the stories of these highly diverse
organizations; demonstrating how leadership, learning, and luck all
play a role in becoming and remaining an institution. This case
study format makes this volume ideal for classroom use and
practitioners alike. In an era where public institutions are
increasingly under threat, this volume offers concrete lessons for
contemporary organisation leaders.
This open access book explores a special species of trouble
afflicting modern societies: creeping crises. These crises evolve
over time, reveal themselves in different ways, and resist
comprehensive responses despite periodic public attention. As a
result, these crises continue to creep in front of our eyes. This
book begins by defining the concept of a creeping crisis, showing
how existing literature fails to properly define and explore this
phenomenon and outlining the challenges such crises pose to
practitioners. Drawing on ongoing research, this book presents a
diverse set of case studies on: antimicrobial resistance, climate
change-induced migration, energy extraction, big data, Covid-19,
migration, foreign fighters, and cyberattacks. Each chapter
explores how creeping crises come into existence, why they can
develop unimpeded, and the consequences they bring in terms of
damage and legitimacy loss. The book provides a proof-of-concept to
help launch the systematic study of creeping crises. Our analysis
helps academics understand a new species of threat and
practitioners recognize and prepare for creeping crises.
This open access book offers unique insights into how governments
and governing systems, particularly in advanced economies, have
responded to the immense challenges of managing the coronavirus
pandemic and the ensuing disease COVID-19. Written by three eminent
scholars in the field of the politics and policy of crisis
management, it offers a unique 'bird's eye' view of the immense
logistical and political challenges of addressing a worst-case
scenario that would prove the ultimate stress test for societies,
governments, governing institutions and political leaders. It
examines how governments and governing systems have (i) made sense
of emerging transboundary threats that have spilled across health,
economic, political and social systems (ii) mobilised systems of
governance and often fearful and sceptical citizens (iii) crafted
narratives amid high uncertainty about the virus and its impact and
(iv) are working towards closure and a return to 'normal' when
things can never quite be the same again. The book also offers the
building blocks of pathways to future resilience. Succeeding and
failing in all these realms is tied in with governance structures,
experts, trust, leadership capabilities and political ideologies.
The book appeals to anyone seeking to understand 'what's going
on?', but particularly academics and students across multiple
disciplines, journalists, public officials, politicians,
non-governmental organisations and citizen groups.
This open access book presents case studies of twelve organisations
which the public have come to view as institutions. From the BBC to
Doctors Without Borders, from the Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra
to CERN, this volume examines how some organisations rise to
prominence and remain in high public esteem through changing and
challenging times. It builds upon the scholarly tradition of
institutional scholarship pioneered by Philip Selznick, and
highlights common themes in the stories of these highly diverse
organizations; demonstrating how leadership, learning, and luck all
play a role in becoming and remaining an institution. This case
study format makes this volume ideal for classroom use and
practitioners alike. In an era where public institutions are
increasingly under threat, this volume offers concrete lessons for
contemporary organisation leaders.
The government's response to Hurricane Katrina, one of the most
devastating natural disasters in U.S. history, suffered numerous
criticisms. Nearly every assessment pointed to failure, from
evaluations of President George W. Bush, FEMA, and the Department
of Homeland Security to the state of Louisiana and the city
administration of New Orleans. In Managing Hurricane Katrina:
Lessons from a Megacrisis, Arjen Boin, Christer Brown, and James A.
Richardson deliver a more nuanced examination of the storm's
aftermath than the ones anchored in public memory, and identify
aspects of management that offer more positive examples of
leadership than bureaucratic and media reports indicated. Katrina
may be the most extensively studied disaster to date, but the
authors argue that many academic conclusions are inaccurate or
contradictory when examined in concert. Drawing on insights from
crisis and disaster management studies, Boin, Brown, and Richardson
apply a clear framework to objectively analyze the actions of
various officials and organizations during and after Katrina. They
specify critical factors that determine the successes and failures
of a societal response to catastrophes and demonstrate how to
utilize their framework in future superdisasters. Going beyond
previous assessments, Managing Hurricane Katrina reconsiders the
role of government in both preparing for a megacrisis and building
an effective response network at a time when citizens need it most.
The constant threat of crises such as disasters, riots and
terrorist attacks poses a frightening challenge to Western
societies and governments. While the causes and dynamics of these
events have been widely studied, we know little about what happens
following their containment and the restoration of stability. This
volume explores 'post-crisis politics, ' examining how crises give
birth to longer term dynamic processes of accountability and
learning which are characterised by official investigations, blame
games, political manoeuvring, media scrutiny and crisis
exploitation. Drawing from a wide range of contemporary crises,
including Hurricane Katrina, 9/11, the Madrid train bombings, the
Walkerton water contamination, Space Shuttles Challenger and
Columbia and the Boxing Day Asian tsunami, this is a
ground-breaking volume which addresses the longer term impact of
crisis-induced politics. Competing pressures for stability and
change mean that policies, institutions and leaders may
occasionally be uprooted, but often survive largely intact.
Through case studies of two prison systems...the U.S. Federal
Bureau of Prisons and he Dutch prison system...Arjen Boin
identifies the challenges and opportunities that confront public
managers who want to reorient correctional policy and make prisons
more effective. Crafting Public Institutions contrasts the two
prison systems to show how focused leadership...or its
absence...can make a major difference in the character and
performance of public organizations The ability of leaders to shape
an organization's mission and motivate public servants in
accordance with policy goals. Boin concludes, lies at the heart of
making institutions work.
Crisis management has become a defining feature of contemporary
governance. In times of crisis, communities and members of
organizations expect their leaders to minimize the impact, while
critics and bureaucratic competitors make use of social media to
blame incumbent rulers and their policies. In this extreme
environment, policymakers must somehow establish a sense of
normality, and foster collective learning from the crisis
experience. In the new edition of this uniquely comprehensive
analysis, the authors examine how strategic leaders deal with the
challenges they face, the political risks and opportunities they
encounter, the pitfalls they must avoid, and the paths towards
reform they may pursue. The book is grounded in decades of
collaborative, cross-national and multidisciplinary case study
research and has been updated to include new insights and examples
from the last decade. This is an original and important
contribution from experts in public policy and international
security.
Crisis management has become a defining feature of contemporary
governance. In times of crisis, communities and members of
organizations expect their leaders to minimize the impact, while
critics and bureaucratic competitors make use of social media to
blame incumbent rulers and their policies. In this extreme
environment, policymakers must somehow establish a sense of
normality, and foster collective learning from the crisis
experience. In the new edition of this uniquely comprehensive
analysis, the authors examine how strategic leaders deal with the
challenges they face, the political risks and opportunities they
encounter, the pitfalls they must avoid, and the paths towards
reform they may pursue. The book is grounded in decades of
collaborative, cross-national and multidisciplinary case study
research and has been updated to include new insights and examples
from the last decade. This is an original and important
contribution from experts in public policy and international
security.
In the wake of severe climatic events and terrorist acts, and the
emergence of dangerous technologies, communities, nations, and
global organizations have diligently sought to create strategies to
prepare for such events. Designing Resilience presents case studies
of extreme events and analyzes the ability of affected individuals,
institutions, governments, and technological systems to cope with
disaster. This volume defines resilience as it relates to disaster
management at specific stages: mitigation, prevention, preparation,
and response and recovery. The book illustrates models by which to
evaluate resilience at levels ranging from individuals to NGOs to
governmental jurisdictions and examines how resilience can be
developed and sustained. A group or nation\u2019s ability to
withstand events and emerge from them with their central
institutions intact is at the core of resilience. Quality of
response, capacity to improvise, coordination, flexibility, and
endurance are also determinants. Individual case studies, including
Hurricane Katrina in the United States, the London bombings, and
French preparedness for the Avian flu, demonstrate effective and
ineffective strategies. The contributors reveal how the complexity
and global interconnectivity of modern systems—whether they are
governments, mobile populations, power grids, financial systems, or
the Internet—have transcended borders and created a new level of
exposure that has made them especially vulnerable to extreme
events. Yet these far-reaching global systems also possess the
ability to alert and respond at greater speeds than ever before.
The authors analyze specific characteristics of resilient
systems—the qualities they possess and how they become
resilient—to determine if there are ways to build a system of
resilience from the ground up. As such, Designing Resilience will
inform a broad range of students and scholars in areas of public
administration, public policy, and the social sciences.
The European Union is increasingly being asked to manage crises
inside and outside the Union. From terrorist attacks to financial
crises, and natural disasters to international conflicts, many
crises today generate pressures to collaborate across geographical
and functional boundaries. What capacities does the EU have to
manage such crises? Why and how have these capacities evolved? How
do they work and are they effective? This book offers an holistic
perspective on EU crisis management. It defines the crisis concept
broadly and examines EU capacities across policy sectors,
institutions and agencies. The authors describe the full range of
EU crisis management capacities that can be used for internal and
external crises. Using an institutionalization perspective, they
explain how these different capacities evolved and have become
institutionalized. This highly accessible volume illuminates a
rarely examined and increasingly important area of European
cooperation.
The constant threat of crises such as disasters, riots and
terrorist attacks poses a frightening challenge to Western
societies and governments. While the causes and dynamics of these
events have been widely studied, we know little about what happens
following their containment and the restoration of stability. This
volume explores 'post-crisis politics, ' examining how crises give
birth to longer term dynamic processes of accountability and
learning which are characterised by official investigations, blame
games, political manoeuvring, media scrutiny and crisis
exploitation. Drawing from a wide range of contemporary crises,
including Hurricane Katrina, 9/11, the Madrid train bombings, the
Walkerton water contamination, Space Shuttles Challenger and
Columbia and the Boxing Day Asian tsunami, this is a
ground-breaking volume which addresses the longer term impact of
crisis-induced politics. Competing pressures for stability and
change mean that policies, institutions and leaders may
occasionally be uprooted, but often survive largely intact.
The European Union is increasingly being asked to manage crises
inside and outside the Union. From terrorist attacks to financial
crises, and natural disasters to international conflicts, many
crises today generate pressures to collaborate across geographical
and functional boundaries. What capacities does the EU have to
manage such crises? Why and how have these capacities evolved? How
do they work and are they effective? This book offers an holistic
perspective on EU crisis management. It defines the crisis concept
broadly and examines EU capacities across policy sectors,
institutions and agencies. The authors describe the full range of
EU crisis management capacities that can be used for internal and
external crises. Using an institutionalization perspective, they
explain how these different capacities evolved and have become
institutionalized. This highly accessible volume illuminates a
rarely examined and increasingly important area of European
cooperation.
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