This book provides a detailed introduction to how the Lander (the 16 states of Germany) function not only within the country itself but also within the wider context of European political affairs. Some knowledge of the role of the Lander is essential to an understanding of the political system as well as of German federalism. This book traces the origin of the Lander. It looks at their place in the constitutional order of the country and the political and administrative system. Their organization and administration are fully covered, as is their financing. Parties and elections in the Lander and the controversial roles of parliaments and deputies are also examined.

The book begins with an overview of the institutions with which Gorbachev will have to contend and then present a series of essays on which consider the prospects for economic reform, challenges and changes in social policy and the arts, and initiatives in foreign policy. "The Soviet Union Under Gorbachev" concludes with a discussion of the impact of the 27th Party Congress.