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This title was first published in 2002.In recent years scholars
have begun to conceptualize the history of the Pacific Ocean as a
subset of world history. This question is taken up in the
introductory chapter of this volume, which sets out four periods of
modern Pacific history: a silver period, 1570s-1750; a period of
early integration, 1750-1850; a gold period, 1850-c.1900; and a
period of imperial strategies after the gold rushes. The next
chapter looks at the fur trade of the Pacific coast of America, and
its dependence on markets in China and Russia, followed by a set
which focus on the era of the gold rushes, in California, Australia
and New Zealand, when the pace of Pacific integration grew rapidly
and new markets opened across the ocean. The last chapters examine
aspects of the subsequent evolution of the Pacific Ocean into an
'American lake', looking in particular at the interlocking of
politics and migration. This volume carries forward study of the
'Pacific Centuries', promoting the conceptualization of the Pacific
Ocean as a coherent unit of analysis, and providing further
important steps toward provision of the multi-century framework
that is required for proper understanding of today's 'Pacific
Century'.
This title was first published in 2002.In recent years scholars
have begun to conceptualize the history of the Pacific Ocean as a
subset of world history. This question is taken up in the
introductory chapter of this volume, which sets out four periods of
modern Pacific history: a silver period, 1570s-1750; a period of
early integration, 1750-1850; a gold period, 1850-c.1900; and a
period of imperial strategies after the gold rushes. The next
chapter looks at the fur trade of the Pacific coast of America, and
its dependence on markets in China and Russia, followed by a set
which focus on the era of the gold rushes, in California, Australia
and New Zealand, when the pace of Pacific integration grew rapidly
and new markets opened across the ocean. The last chapters examine
aspects of the subsequent evolution of the Pacific Ocean into an
'American lake', looking in particular at the interlocking of
politics and migration. This volume carries forward study of the
'Pacific Centuries', promoting the conceptualization of the Pacific
Ocean as a coherent unit of analysis, and providing further
important steps toward provision of the multi-century framework
that is required for proper understanding of today's 'Pacific
Century'.
Including 11 essays published over the last 15 years, this volume
by Dennis O. Flynn and Arturo GirA!ldez concerns the origins and
early development of globalization. It opens with their 1995
"Silver Spoon" essay and a theoretical essay published in 2002.
Subsequent sections deal with Pacific Ocean exchanges,
interconnections between the Spanish, Ottoman, Japanese and Chinese
empires, and the necessity of multidisciplinary approaches to
global history. The volume follows the evolution of the authors'
thinking concerning the central role of China in the global silver
trade, as well as interrelations among silver and non-silver
markets. Research before 2002 paved the way for development of a
coherent 'Birth of Globalization' narrative that portrays economic
factors in the context of powerful epidemiological, ecological,
demographic, and cultural forces. In the final essay Flynn and
GirA!ldez argue for incorporating the work of all academic
disciplines when attempting to understand the history of
globalization, advocating an inclusive historical data base which
recognizes contextual realities and an inductive process of
reasoning.
The literature on early-modern monetary history is vast and rich,
yet overly Eurocentric. This book takes a global approach. It calls
attention to the fact that, for example, Japan and South America
were dominant in silver production, while China was the principal
end-market; key areas for transshipment included Europe and Africa,
India and the Middle East. Europeans were often just middlemen.
Other monetized substances - gold, copper and cowries - must also
be viewed globally. The interrelated trades in metals and monies
are what first linked worldwide markets, and disequilibrium within
the silver market in the 16th and 17th centuries was an active
cause of this global trade.
World history conventionally ignores or underestimates the
importance of Manila, the Manila galleons, and the Philippines as
key stages in the development of trans-Pacific contact and of the
world economy. Essays in this volume discuss Philippine-Asian
exchanges prior to the entry of Europeans, and then look at
European influences and the impact of Magellan's voyage, and the
emergence of Manila as one of global trade's crucial linchpins
during four centuries. Linkages between Latin America and China,
and Spanish-Japanese competition for the Chinese marketplace are
important topics. Tensions and cooperation among Chinese, Japanese,
Iberians, Africans, Christians, Muslims and others on Philippine
soil are also covered. This volume suggests the need for thorough
re-evaluation of the Philippines' central role in terms of both
Pacific history and global history as perhaps the single most
important stage in the traffic that linked China and Latin America.
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