'Anyone practising generalist paediatrics should have the material within these chapters either hard-wired in, or at the fingertips. This book is ideal for the primary care bookshelf...The authors have ensured that clinicians' paediatric knowledge and skills can only grow with familiarity of their material.' From the Foreword by John Spicer Essential Paediatrics in Primary Care covers the entire breadth of paediatric practice. Written by a team with frontline experience of the challenges and dilemmas faced in diagnosing and treating children in primary care, this practical text contains clear, evidence-based guidance about managing children in primary care and considers when referral to hospital is appropriate. The concise, list-based format enables a rapid, confident and knowledgeable diagnosis to be reached in the short time available in general practice. This reference book is invaluable for General Practitioners and GP trainees wanting to keep abreast of recent progress in paediatric care, but is also ideal for nurse practitioners, health visitors, medical students and paediatricians considering a career in general practice.

Geo textiles have evolved as an integral part of the Technical Textile Industry. It adds value addition and has a great export potential. It has been used since ages, dating back to era of Egyptian pharaohs as a support material in mud made huts to the modern roadways, civil and military constructions. Today we see a lot of varieties of Geo textiles product for different applications with only one thing in common that is its worldwide demand is increasing. Our aim is to bring about awareness among the industry, further more to make a marketing and feasibility report for Geo textile products that should be produced in Pakistan. In-order to increase textile export portfolio of Pakistan Textile industry. Additionally enhancing the exposure of the Pakistani manufacturers to explore the vast value added market of such products.

Chemometrics is a term for describing analytical methods used for processing large number of data for better understanding. Svante Wold and Bruce Kowalski coined the term Chemometrics in 1970s. The most troubling issue as a researcher of any field of science is to identify the correct set of data. In addition, one must satisfy the most important questions of, what, why, when and how. It is important, because, a reviewer will raise questions over selection of parameters and what procedure was used to identify parameters of significance. To resolve these issues, Chemometrics are used. It is a Mathematical and Statistical method used for better understanding and utilization of data in all science fields. It helps in optimization, statistical analysis and presentation of refined data. In very simple terms, Chemometrics analysis tells us about the significant data set out of thousands of data sets. It involves statistical analysis, economic analysis, and material and property analysis to identify the correct set of significant data set. Therefore, many methods and analytical tools are available for this purpose. Furthermore, it is based on mathematics and statistics; hence, if any given software can perform such operations, then it is valid for Chemometrics. In the end, it all depends on the end user and its requirements.In this book, several methods and their applications are discussed. In the beginning, few papers are presented which gives an overview of different Chemometric tools and then examples from different areas of chemistry, chemical engineering and pharmacy are presented.

Design and integration of chemical process is the step required to convert laboratory process into industrial scale. It calculates the requirement of mass of raw materials and products, energy, fabrication materials and auxiliaries such as pumps, motors, electricity, heaters, boilers etc. On the other hand, in laboratory environment, a chemical reaction is developed based only on reaction success in glass beakers and final yield without much consideration to its cost of production. Therefore, when that reaction is transferred to large industrial scale for bulk production, several other aspects are also considered. Among these aspects or parameters, the first and the most important parameter is mass balance and process type i.e. batch or continuous production. It tells us about the requirement of each raw material required for the process, its cost, and supply source. Then, the total energy requirement is calculated, it includes determination of energy released or absorbed during each step of the reaction, and how it can be provided. Sometimes, energy from an exothermic reaction step is extracted by heat exchangers and used in another energy deficient reaction step. Once mass and energy requirements are calculated, then process design considerations are determined. It includes resident time of reactants and products in each step, its physical condition, and type of material required for fabrication of reaction vessels and pipes. This entire process is iterative in nature therefore, performed several times to obtain the most optimized process design parameters. Furthermore, each of the above-mentioned steps are specialization in itself and requires utmost attention to details. Therefore, in this book several researches related to different approaches of design and integration of chemical process are included.

Applied polymer science is the subfield of material science and organic chemistry, which focuses on polymeric materials and their applications. It includes polymer synthesis, recycling, bulk production and applications in biomedical, material science, plastic industry, fiber and composite material industry and many more. Polymers are the backbone of current manufacturing industry, and they are found everywhere around us including both natural and synthetic polymers. Polymers are used for making household items, protective coatings, bodies of electronic gadgets, solar panels, and they are a big part of our food chain as well. Straight chain polymers and branched polymers are the two basic types of polymers. Among branched polymers, there are several sub categories, such as Isotactic, Atactic, Syndiotactic and Eutactic polymers. The type of branching determines the physical properties of the polymer, such as their melting point, tensile strength, flexibility etc. Therefore, in this book, several articles covering different aspects of applied polymer science are presented. It includes latest applications of polymeric materials, recycling of polymers, and niche polymers, which are used in unique applications.

Industrial Chemistry is an extremely diverse field, and it covers almost every single aspect of Chemical industry ranging from Petrochemicals to Pharmaceuticals and biochemical. In simple terms, Industrial Chemistry is the extension of chemistry to chemical engineering and its application at industrial scale. Industrial chemistry not only focuses on the general concepts of chemistry but economics, bulk production, electronics and mechanics. Recent advances in industry chemistry not only reduce the cost of production, but also provide them at sustainable rate with low environmental hazards. The advances in catalysis increases the reaction yield hence reducing the operating cost, low fuel cost, and mass production. The advances in green technologies produce the already existing products with low environmental effects such as acid recycling. The advances in waste water management and processing reduces the risk to fresh water reservoirs. The single most important breakthrough of industrial chemistry was development of Haber process for synthesis of Ammonia. The Haber process allowed large-scale synthesis of Ammonia gas at reasonable cost, which is an important raw material for several other chemical products such as Fertilizers and Explosives. The use of Ammonia in production of Fertilizer called Ammonium nitrate along with use of pesticides is attributed to increase world production by factor of 4 since 1900 on per acre basis. Therefore, in this book, several articles covering different application areas of industrial chemistry are presented to provide an overview of the importance of industry chemistry.

In this book recent advances in the field of energetic materials are reported. Energetic materials are those chemical compounds which are used for explosions or propulsion of rockets and artillery shells. However, energetic materials are rarely used in their pure form but as a mixture of different other components to enhance their properties. During the usage of these materials, one not only has to worry about danger of unintended explosion or fire, but also about long term health issues associated with handling of these materials because some of them are carcinogenic. Therefore, this book is divided into 4 sections. In the first section, a brief introduction to different terminologies and classification of energetic materials is given. In the second section, articles related to processing related issues of energetic materials are presented. In these articles, authors have described methods for preparing nano-aluminum particles for use as fuel component in the energetic composite formulation, where usage of nano particles not only provides better mixing but it also increases performance. In another article, a coating method is explained. This section also explains the methods for casting energetic materials into desired shapes and methods to calculate usage requirements. In third section, different synthesis methods and crystal structure of energetic materials are presented. In the last section, articles related to computational studies of energetic materials, and reports on health hazards related to them are presented. In the last section, few articles related to environmental and health issues associated with the use of these material are given. In addition, some articles related to computation methods for performance prediction are also presented.