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This exciting book presents diverse applications of microalgal
renewable resources to meet modern demands for energy and
value-added products. It also comprehensively describes the role of
algae in sustainable and cost-effective wastewater treatment
strategies, and highlights the latest research on, advances in and
biotechnological relevance of algae in the areas of bioenergy,
bioremediation, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and green economy.
The book addresses gaps in the fields of bioenergy, waste
management, health and economy by providing broad information on
bioenergy production, management strategies, drug development,
nutraceuticals products and biobased economy using algae at the
commercial level. The book introduces researchers to key and
emerging innovations in the field of algal biology research and
will assist policymakers, environmentalists, scientists, students
and global thinkers in defining sustainable developmental goals for
the future. Accordingly, it is an extremely important read for
researchers and students in the environmental sciences, life
sciences and chemistry, experts in the energy sector and
policymakers alike.
The book serves as a primary textbook of partial differential
equations (PDEs), with due attention to their importance to various
physical and engineering phenomena. The book focuses on maintaining
a balance between the mathematical expressions used and the
significance they hold in the context of some physical problem. The
book has wider outreach as it covers topics relevant to many
different applications of ordinary differential equations (ODEs),
PDEs, Fourier series, integral transforms, and applications. It
also discusses applications of analytical and geometric methods to
solve some fundamental PDE models of physical phenomena such as
transport of mass, momentum, and energy. As far as possible,
historical notes are added for most important developments in
science and engineering. Both the presentation and treatment of
topics are fashioned to meet the expectations of interested readers
working in any branch of science and technology. Senior
undergraduates in mathematics and engineering are the targeted
student readership, and the topical focus with applications to
real-world examples will promote higher-level mathematical
understanding for undergraduates in sciences and engineering.
The risks and consequences of environmental change are increasing,
leading to massive losses in terms of ecosystems and having a huge
impact on human populations. As such, global thinkers,
environmentalists, scientists and policy makers are focusing on
finding solutions and ways to sustain life on Earth. Anthropogenic
impacts on the climate system can only be mitigated by the
restoration of existing natural resources and the sustainable
development of the environment and society. This book discusses the
potential of green technology in waste management, wetland
restoration, presenting the latest developments in the field of
bioenergy, green ecology, bioremediation and microbial management.
Wetlands are one of Earth's most important ecosystems, and they
provide valuable services to human societies, such as minimizing
the impacts of floods, acting as a carbon sink, and offering water
purification as well as recreational opportunities. Wetlands may be
natural or constructed, and the effectiveness of wetland services
largely depends on the diversity of macrophytes affecting the algal
production, plant biomass and nutrient status of the system. In
addition, they are one of the richest microbial ecosystems on
earth: the rhizosphere, soil and water interface enhances wetland
services with implications ranging from phytoremediation to
microbial bioprospection. However, in order to function properly,
they need to be effectively redesigned, reengineered, protected and
maintained. The book addresses the dynamic relation between three
global concerns: environmental pollution, resource exploitation and
sustainability. It describes the utilization of resources like
wastes (municipal, industrial, agricultural, mine drainage,
tannery, solid, and e waste), plants, algae and microbes for
production of renewable biofuel, biofertilizers and other value
added products to achieve the goal of sustainable development. The
book also discusses the current and future trends in employing
wetlands in improving water quality. In addition it presents the
latest international research in the fields of wetland science,
waste management, carbon sequestration and bioremediation.
Highlighting a broad spectrum of topics and strategies for
achieving a sustainable environment, the book offers researchers,
students and academics insights into utilizing resources in a
sustainable way.
An Introduction to Optimization Techniques introduces the basic
ideas and techniques of optimization. Optimization is a precise
procedure using design constraints and criteria to enable the
planner to find the optimal solution. Optimization techniques have
been applied in numerous fields to deal with different practical
problems. This book is designed to give the reader a sense of the
challenge of analyzing a given situation and formulating a model
for it while explaining the assumptions and inner structure of the
methods discussed as fully as possible. It includes real-world
examples and applications making the book accessible to a broader
readership. Features Each chapter begins with the Learning Outcomes
(LO) section, which highlights the critical points of that chapter.
All learning outcomes, solved examples and questions are mapped to
six Bloom Taxonomy levels (BT Level). Book offers fundamental
concepts of optimization without becoming too complicated. A wide
range of solved examples are presented in each section after the
theoretical discussion to clarify the concept of that section. A
separate chapter on the application of spreadsheets to solve
different optimization techniques. At the end of each chapter, a
summary reinforces key ideas and helps readers recall the concepts
discussed. The wide and emerging uses of optimization techniques
make it essential for students and professionals. Optimization
techniques have been applied in numerous fields to deal with
different practical problems. This book serves as a textbook for UG
and PG students of science, engineering, and management programs.
It will be equally useful for Professionals, Consultants, and
Managers.
Algal and sustainable technologies: Bioenergy, Nannotechnology and
Green chemistry is an interdisciplinary overview of the world’s
major problems; water scarcity, clean environment and energy and
their sustenance remedy measures using microalgae. It
comprehensively presents the way to tackle the socio-economic
issues including food, feed, fuel, medicine and health and also
entails the untapped potential of microalgae in environmental
management, bioenergy solution and sustainable synthesis of
pharmaceutical and nutraceutical products. This book basically
emphasizes the success of algae as wonderful feed stocks of future
and provides upto date information and sustainable and recreational
outlook towards degrading environment and energy crisis.
Applicability of fast emerging algae based nanotechnology in
bioremediation and production of nanoparticle (AuNP, AgNP etc) are
beautifully described along with latest research and findings. Key
features: The "waste to best to income" strategies are the main
concern of the book and take the edge off the problem of pollution,
energy and income. Elucidate the sustainable phycoremediation and
nanoparticle functions as low cost approach for various ecosystem
services. Information regarding pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and
other algae based value added product synthesis and fate are
comprehensively discussed. Knowledge resource, latest research,
findings and prospects presented in an accessible manner for
researchers, students, eminent scientists, entrepreneurs,
professionals and policy maker.
Efforts are being made by research organizations and cosmetic
industries worldwide to develop more precise and targeted 3D models
that mimic humans for testing cosmetic and personal health care
product ingredients, following a complete ban on animal testing.
This book includes several subtopics dedicated to the progress
made, challenges faced, roadblocks encountered, and future
prospects in the development and validation of 3D models for
testing these products. The book consist of an editorial and 14
themed chapters that will showcase the significant progress made so
far, challenges encountered, and future prospects in the
development of 3D reconstruct models.
This exciting book presents diverse applications of microalgal
renewable resources to meet modern demands for energy and
value-added products. It also comprehensively describes the role of
algae in sustainable and cost-effective wastewater treatment
strategies, and highlights the latest research on, advances in and
biotechnological relevance of algae in the areas of bioenergy,
bioremediation, pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and green economy.
The book addresses gaps in the fields of bioenergy, waste
management, health and economy by providing broad information on
bioenergy production, management strategies, drug development,
nutraceuticals products and biobased economy using algae at the
commercial level. The book introduces researchers to key and
emerging innovations in the field of algal biology research and
will assist policymakers, environmentalists, scientists, students
and global thinkers in defining sustainable developmental goals for
the future. Accordingly, it is an extremely important read for
researchers and students in the environmental sciences, life
sciences and chemistry, experts in the energy sector and
policymakers alike.
The risks and consequences of environmental change are increasing,
leading to massive losses in terms of ecosystems and having a huge
impact on human populations. As such, global thinkers,
environmentalists, scientists and policy makers are focusing on
finding solutions and ways to sustain life on Earth. Anthropogenic
impacts on the climate system can only be mitigated by the
restoration of existing natural resources and the sustainable
development of the environment and society. This book discusses the
potential of green technology in waste management, wetland
restoration, presenting the latest developments in the field of
bioenergy, green ecology, bioremediation and microbial management.
Wetlands are one of Earth's most important ecosystems, and they
provide valuable services to human societies, such as minimizing
the impacts of floods, acting as a carbon sink, and offering water
purification as well as recreational opportunities. Wetlands may be
natural or constructed, and the effectiveness of wetland services
largely depends on the diversity of macrophytes affecting the algal
production, plant biomass and nutrient status of the system. In
addition, they are one of the richest microbial ecosystems on
earth: the rhizosphere, soil and water interface enhances wetland
services with implications ranging from phytoremediation to
microbial bioprospection. However, in order to function properly,
they need to be effectively redesigned, reengineered, protected and
maintained. The book addresses the dynamic relation between three
global concerns: environmental pollution, resource exploitation and
sustainability. It describes the utilization of resources like
wastes (municipal, industrial, agricultural, mine drainage,
tannery, solid, and e waste), plants, algae and microbes for
production of renewable biofuel, biofertilizers and other value
added products to achieve the goal of sustainable development. The
book also discusses the current and future trends in employing
wetlands in improving water quality. In addition it presents the
latest international research in the fields of wetland science,
waste management, carbon sequestration and bioremediation.
Highlighting a broad spectrum of topics and strategies for
achieving a sustainable environment, the book offers researchers,
students and academics insights into utilizing resources in a
sustainable way.
This book serves as a textbook in real analysis. It focuses on the
fundamentals of the structural properties of metric spaces and
analytical properties of functions defined between such spaces.
Topics include sets, functions and cardinality, real numbers,
analysis on R, topology of the real line, metric spaces, continuity
and differentiability, sequences and series, Lebesgue integration,
and Fourier series. It is primarily focused on the applications of
analytical methods to solving partial differential equations rooted
in many important problems in mathematics, physics, engineering,
and related fields. Both the presentation and treatment of topics
are fashioned to meet the expectations of interested readers
working in any branch of science and technology. Senior
undergraduates in mathematics and engineering are the targeted
student readership, and the topical focus with applications to
real-world examples will promote higher-level mathematical
understanding for undergraduates in sciences and engineering.
Chemistry of 2-Oxoaldehydes and 2-Oxoacids offers complete coverage
on 2-oxoaldehydes and 2-oxoacid, which to date have not been
covered in a comprehensive manner. Novel reactions related to
2-oxoaldehydes and 2-oxoacids on keto and aldehydic groups (both
participating separately or in combination), decarboxylative
reactions, spectral analysis and diverse applications are explored.
The book is divided into two parts, with the first outlining
methods for the preparation and physical properties of
2-Oxoaldehydes, along with the structure, spectral characteristics
and reactivity of 2-Oxoaldehydes. The second part covers the
preparation and physical properties of 2-Oxoacids and the synthesis
of many related reactions. This book is essential reading for
researchers working on these types of reactions in organic
chemistry, medicinal chemistry, natural product chemistry and
pharmaceutical chemistry.
This book is a comprehensive guide to the medical and surgical
management of retinal diseases and disorders. The new edition has
been fully revised and updated to provide clinicians with the
latest advances in the field. Divided into 63 chapters, the text
begins with an overview of clinical anatomy and physiology of the
vitreous and retina, imaging and ultrasonography, and
electrophysiology. The following sections cover management of
numerous different retinal disorders, from macular dystrophies,
retinal arterial occlusion and diabetic macular edema, to giant
retinal tears, blunt ocular trauma, cancer associated
retinopathies, shaken baby syndrome, and many more. This second
edition features the latest developments in diagnostics, clinical
management guidelines, instruments and vitreoretinal surgeries. New
topics include the emerging role of 3D 'heads up' vitreoretinal
surgery and microscope integrated optical coherence tomography in
retinal surgery. The extensive text is further enhanced by clinical
images and illustrations. The previous edition (9789352702947)
published in 2018.
This book provides a modern framework of different systems- social,
economic, religious, and economic and their effects on the level of
fertility. It focuses on "what was," "what is" and "what is likely
to be" as from the narrative of modernization in relation to
fertility. An attempt has been made to analyze and review the
various aspects of modernization and fertility level among Indian
women. The intention has not been to present a new theory on the
subject, but to explain how the growing population of India becomes
an obstacle in her process of development from time to time. It is
not being claimed that there would be no omissions and
shortcomings, however, an honest effort has been made to cover
extensively all the major aspects of the system. It discusses
different viewpoints and analyzed typologies developed by eminent
scholars to make the book more comprehensive in scope. We hope that
the students of sociology in general and of social demography in
particular would find this book a handy and welcome contribution.
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal commonly known as Ashwagandha in
India, is one of the important medicinal crop is cultivated around
the world mainly for its root which has rejuvenative properties.
The twenty three known Withania species are widely distributed in
the drier parts of tropical and sub-tropical zones, ranging from
the Canary Islands, the Mediterranean region and Northern Africa to
Southwest Asia. Withania somnifera is an important medicinal plant,
widely used as a home remedy against several diseases in India as
well as other parts of the world. Withania somnifera yielded better
quality roots. Chemical fertilizers though played an important role
to meet out the nutritional demand of the crop. However, in the use
of organic manures along with inorganic fertilizers but also
provides all the nutrients in available form to crop plants, which
in turn enhance better growth and finally the yield and quality
parameters of W. somnifera. Thus, there is an urgent need to
formulate integrated nutrient management for increasing the
productivity and production of W. somnifera.
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