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This book embeds a novel evolutionary analysis of human group
selection within a comprehensive overview of multilevel selection
theory, a theory wherein evolution proceeds at the level of
individual organisms and collectives, such as human families,
tribes, states, and empires. Where previous works on the topic have
variously supported multilevel selection with logic, theory,
experimental data, or via review of the zoological literature; in
this book the authors uniquely establish the validity of human
group selection as a historical evolutionary process within a
multilevel selection framework. Select portions of the historical
record are examined from a multilevel selectionist perspective,
such that clashing civilizations, decline and fall, law, custom,
war, genocide, ostracism, banishment, and the like are viewed with
the end of understanding their implications for internal cohesion,
external defense, and population demography. In doing so, its
authors advance the potential for further interdisciplinary study
in fostering, for instance, the convergence of history and biology.
This work will provide fresh insights not only for evolutionists
but also for researchers working across the social sciences and
humanities.
This book embeds a novel evolutionary analysis of human group
selection within a comprehensive overview of multilevel selection
theory, a theory wherein evolution proceeds at the level of
individual organisms and collectives, such as human families,
tribes, states, and empires. Where previous works on the topic have
variously supported multilevel selection with logic, theory,
experimental data, or via review of the zoological literature; in
this book the authors uniquely establish the validity of human
group selection as a historical evolutionary process within a
multilevel selection framework. Select portions of the historical
record are examined from a multilevel selectionist perspective,
such that clashing civilizations, decline and fall, law, custom,
war, genocide, ostracism, banishment, and the like are viewed with
the end of understanding their implications for internal cohesion,
external defense, and population demography. In doing so, its
authors advance the potential for further interdisciplinary study
in fostering, for instance, the convergence of history and biology.
This work will provide fresh insights not only for evolutionists
but also for researchers working across the social sciences and
humanities.
The social sciences share a mission to shed light on human nature
and society. However, there is no widely accepted meta-theory; no
foundation from which variables can be linked, causally sequenced,
or ultimately explained. This book advances "life history
evolution" as the missing meta-theory for the social sciences.
Originally a biological theory for the variation between species,
research on life history evolution now encompasses psychological
and sociological variation within the human species that has long
been the stock and trade of social scientific study. The eighteen
chapters of this book review six disciplines, eighteen authors, and
eighty-two volumes published between 1734 and 2015-re-reading the
texts in the light of life history evolution.
The social sciences share a mission to shed light on human nature
and society. However, there is no widely accepted meta-theory; no
foundation from which variables can be linked, causally sequenced,
or ultimately explained. This book advances "life history
evolution" as the missing meta-theory for the social sciences.
Originally a biological theory for the variation between species,
research on life history evolution now encompasses psychological
and sociological variation within the human species that has long
been the stock and trade of social scientific study. The eighteen
chapters of this book review six disciplines, eighteen authors, and
eighty-two volumes published between 1734 and 2015-re-reading the
texts in the light of life history evolution.
It is easy for us to believe that as a society we are getting
smarter, at least as measured by IQ tests. This supposed
improvement, the Flynn Effect, suggests that each generation is
brighter than the last. If this improvement in intelligence is real
we should all be much, much brighter than the Victorians. However,
the researchers of this ground-breaking study find the reverse to
be true- the Victorians were cleverer than us! IQ tests may be
effective at picking out the brightest, but they are not reliable
benchmarks of performance over more than a century. Historical
Variance records the exploration of the Flyyn effect hypothesis,
which included the use of high-quality instruments to measure
simple reaction times (a recognised predictor of intelligence) in a
meta-analytic study. The conclusions are very sobering: far from
speeding up, we are slowing down. A decline in general intelligence
(a loss equivalent to about 14 IQ points) since Victorian times may
have resulted from the presence of dysgenic fertility. These
findings, as detailed in Historical Variance, strongly indicate
that the Victorians were substantially cleverer than we are
today...
While most books on missing data focus on applying sophisticated
statistical techniques to deal with the problem after it has
occurred, this volume provides a methodology for the control and
prevention of missing data. In clear, nontechnical language, the
authors help the reader understand the different types of missing
data and their implications for the reliability, validity, and
generalizability of a study's conclusions. They provide practical
recommendations for designing studies that decrease the likelihood
of missing data, and for addressing this important issue when
reporting study results. When statistical remedies are needed--such
as deletion procedures, augmentation methods, and single imputation
and multiple imputation procedures--the book also explains how to
make sound decisions about their use. Patrick E. McKnight's website
offers a periodically updated annotated bibliography on missing
data and links to other Web resources that address missing data.
While most books on missing data focus on applying sophisticated
statistical techniques to deal with the problem after it has
occurred, this volume provides a methodology for the control and
prevention of missing data. In clear, nontechnical language, the
authors help the reader understand the different types of missing
data and their implications for the reliability, validity, and
generalizability of a study's conclusions. They provide practical
recommendations for designing studies that decrease the likelihood
of missing data, and for addressing this important issue when
reporting study results. When statistical remedies are needed--such
as deletion procedures, augmentation methods, and single imputation
and multiple imputation procedures--the book also explains how to
make sound decisions about their use. Patrick E. McKnight's website
offers a periodically updated annotated bibliography on missing
data and links to other Web resources that address missing data.
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