Addresses a Growing Need for the Development of Cellular and Porous Materials in Industry Building blocks used by nature are motivating researchers to create bio-inspired cellular structures that can be used in the development of products for the plastic, food, and biomedical industry. Representing a unified effort by international experts, Biofoams: Science and Applications of Bio-Based Cellular and Porous Materials highlights the latest research and development of biofoams and porous systems, and specifically examines the aspects related to the formation of gas bubbles in drink and food. The book offers a detailed analysis of bio-polymers and foaming technologies, biodegradable and sustainable foams, biomedical foams, food foams, and bio-inspired foams. Explores the Generation of New Materials with Wide-Ranging Technological Applicability This book introduces the science, technologies, and applications related to the use of biopolymers and biomaterials in the development of porous structures. It presents topics that include bio-based polymers for the development of biodegradable and sustainable polymeric foams, foams in food, foams in biomedical applications, biohybrids, and bio-inspired cellular and porous systems. It also includes recent studies on the design of polymer-based composites and hybrid scaffolds, weighs in on the challenges related to the production of porous polymers, and presents relevant examples of cellular architecture present in nature. In addition, this book: Focuses on materials compatible with natural tissues Discusses the engineering of bio-inspired scaffolds with the ability to mimic living tissue Reveals how to use renewable resources to develop more sustainable lightweight materials Illustrates the state of the art of porous scaffold and process techniques A book dedicated to material science, Biofoams: Science and Applications of Bio-Based Cellular and Porous Materials focuses on food technology, polymers and composites, biomedical, and chemical engineering, and examines how the principles used in the creation of cellular structures can be applied in modern industry.

Polylactide Foams: Fundamentals, Manufacturing, and Applications provides an introduction to the fundamental science behind plastic foams, polylactic acid) and polylactide foaming, giving designers tactics to replace traditional resins with sustainable and biodegradable materials. The book then delves deeper into the technology behind PLA foaming, such as PLA/gas mixture characteristics, solubility, interfacial tension behaviors and crystallization kinetics of various types of PLA and their compounds. The foaming behaviors and mechanisms of various types of PLA and PLA compounds are extensively analyzed and discussed through different manufacturing technologies, namely extrusion foaming, foam injection molding and bead foaming. Interest in Poly(lactic acid) and PLA foams is extremely high - particularly as a potential replacement for styrenic resins - and the price of PLA resin is lower than ever before. This biopolymer has significant potential to improve the sustainability of the plastics industry. Polylactide Foams have a range of potential applications, such as in construction, packaging, insulation, biomedical scaffolds, and others. However, processing and performance of PLA are not at the same level as other non-biodegradable resins.

This edited collection further expands our knowledge about what comprises a successful constitution in both theory and application. Building on the research and analysis of Vincent Ostrom, who as one of America's leading scholars on constitutions has spent a lifetime writing about constitutions in America and overseas. Each essay shows how particular countries, governments, and organizations devise constitutions to reflect their visions of governance and sets of rules for their leaders. On a higher theoretical level, the contributors emphasize the importance of choosing the rules of the political game in order to determine the nature of the game itself. Extending Ostrom's intellectual quest to solve constitutional dilemmas, the scholars gathered here discuss a wide variety of issues, ranging from the problems of water scarcity and local public economies in Africa to the prospect of a new political order in the European North.

Biomaterials: Principles and Applications offers a comprehensive review of all the major biomaterials in this rapidly growing field. In recent years, the role of biomaterials has been influenced considerably by advances in many areas of biotechnology and science, as well as advances in surgical techniques and instruments. Comprising chapters contributed by a panel of international experts, this text provides a familiarity with the uses of materials in medicine and dentistry and the rational basis for these applications. It covers such subjects as biodegradable polymeric materials and their relation to tissue engineering, biologic materials, and biomaterials applications in soft and hard tissues. Nearly one hundred figures and tables further add to the value of this book. The text is concise, topical, and not overly technical - No other book covers the entire field of biomaterials so succinctly in one volume.

Combining the science of foam with the engineering of extrusion processes, Foam Extrusion: Principles and Practice delivers a detailed discussion of the theory, design, processing, and application of degradable foam extraction. In one comprehensive volume, the editors present the collective expertise of leading academic, research, and industry specialists while laying the scientific foundation in such a manner that the microscopic transition from a nucleus to a void (nucleation) and macroscopic movement from a void to an object (formation) are plausibly addressed. To keep pace with significant improvements in foam extrusion technology, this Second Edition: Includes new chapters on the latest developments in processing/thermal management, rheology/melt strength, and biodegradable and sustainable foams Features extensive updates to chapters on extrusion equipment, blowing agents, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) foam, and microcellular innovation Contains new coverage of cutting-edge foaming mechanisms and technology, as well as new case studies, examples, and figures Capturing the interesting evolution of the field, Foam Extrusion: Principles and Practice, Second Edition provides scientists, engineers, and product development professionals with a modern, holistic view of foam extrusion to enhance research and development and aid in the selection of the optimal screw, die design, and foaming system.

Polymers are among the major hallmarks of 20th-century science, and the explosive outgrowth and tremendous importance of polymeric foams is a testament to their amazing versatility and unique properties. With applications from automotive to acoustic and medical, polymeric foams pervade all areas of our lives. If this growth is to continue into the new millennium, especially in light of stringent environmental regulations, a strong understanding of the basic science and the major technologies behind foam production is critical. Written by experienced and accomplished leaders in the field, Polymeric Foams: Science and Technology provides comprehensive coverage of the fundamentals, technologies, applications, and recent developments. The authors first outline the basic principles and fundamental foaming mechanisms, covering thermodynamics, kinetics, and the basics of blowing agents and foam formation. Foaming technologies and product applications then become the focus, with explanations of structure-property relationships, processing methods, and general types of foams. The book concludes with chapters on recent developments in composite and biodegradable foams that illustrate how to tailor processing to meet application needs. Illuminating the role of polymeric foams in the modern materials landscape, Polymeric Foams: Science and Technology is the perfect guide for developing innovative materials that achieve better performance and regulatory compliance.

This book is written for those who would like to advance their knowledge beyond an introductory level of biomaterials or materials science and engineering. This requires one to understand more fully the science of materials, which is, of course, the foundation of biomaterials. The subject matter of this book may be divided into three parts: (1) fundamental structure-property relationships of man-made materials (Chapters 2-5) and natural biological materials, including biocompatibility (Chapters 6 and 7); (2) metallic, ceramic, and polymeric implant materials (Chapters 8-10); and (3) actual prostheses (Chapters 11 and 12). This manuscript was initially organized at Clemson University as classnotes for an introductory graduate course on biomaterials. Since then it has been revised and corrected many times based on experience with graduate students at Clemson and at Tulane University, where I taught for two years, 1981-1983, before joining the University of Iowa. I would like to thank the many people who helped me to finish this book; my son Y oon Ho, who typed all of the manuscript into the Apple Pie word processor; my former graduate students, M. Ackley Loony, W. Barb, D. N. Bingham, D. R. Clarke, J. P. Davies, M. F. DeMane, B. J. Kelly, K. W. Markgraf, N. N. Salman, W. J. Whatley, and S. o. Young; and my colleagues, Drs. W. Cooke, D. D. Moyle (Clemson G. H. Kenner (University of Utah), F. University), W. C. Van Buskirk (Tulane University), and Y.

A photo essay of the occupy movement in Washington, D.C.

'Wild Child' is set between the wars in Clewer newtown Windsor, and follows the life of Albert and his baby daughter Kathy. Albert had been shocked to learn that at the age of fifty one he was to become a father again for the fifth time, but when Kathy was born he and his wife Emily considered the birth of a healthy baby girl a blessing.

But life dealt Albert a cruel hand when his wife died suddenly, leaving him to bring up a nine month old baby, while struggling to work a twelve hour day six days a week. At first his many relatives promised they would help, but it soon became clear that they could not be relied upon. When Albert discovered Kathy was being left on her own he realised he had wallowed in his own grief for too long and he vowed to do something about it. He did the only thing he could think of and that was to bring Edith, his eldest daughter, out of service to look after her sister.

Edith, still only seventeen years old, had been in service since she was fourteen. She had already forged a new life for herself with the emphasis on fun. She loved to go out dancing with her friend every night. She was distraught when her father came for her, this was something she had been dreading since her mother died. Edie loved her life she didn't want to look after a baby, let alone her three brothers and her father.

It quickly became apparent that only Edith's life had changed dramatically, the others all carried on as before, she was expected to take over her mother's role, cooking, washing and caring for them. It all got too much for her and feeling full of resentment she left home following a blazing row with her dad.

Kathy was only three years old...

'Wild Child' is the true story of my own mother's early years, modified from all the tales she told me and the parts of her story that she wrote down.

A light-hearted look at student nurse training during the '60s, following the lives of me and my friends. The laughs we shared along the way. The troubles that seemed to follow me around on account of my big mouth questioning procedures that seemed to be set in stone, and true stories based on the old Victorian North Lonsdale and other Furness Hospitals. Find out what happened when the first major accident guidelines were introduced, followed by the very first major accident mock up or should that be mess up, and what was it really like when the search and rescue helicopters first came to Furness.

Addresses a Growing Need for the Development of Cellular and Porous Materials in Industry Building blocks used by nature are motivating researchers to create bio-inspired cellular structures that can be used in the development of products for the plastic, food, and biomedical industry. Representing a unified effort by international experts, Biofoams: Science and Applications of Bio-Based Cellular and Porous Materials highlights the latest research and development of biofoams and porous systems, and specifically examines the aspects related to the formation of gas bubbles in drink and food. The book offers a detailed analysis of bio-polymers and foaming technologies, biodegradable and sustainable foams, biomedical foams, food foams, and bio-inspired foams. Explores the Generation of New Materials with Wide-Ranging Technological Applicability This book introduces the science, technologies, and applications related to the use of biopolymers and biomaterials in the development of porous structures. It presents topics that include bio-based polymers for the development of biodegradable and sustainable polymeric foams, foams in food, foams in biomedical applications, biohybrids, and bio-inspired cellular and porous systems. It also includes recent studies on the design of polymer-based composites and hybrid scaffolds, weighs in on the challenges related to the production of porous polymers, and presents relevant examples of cellular architecture present in nature. In addition, this book: Focuses on materials compatible with natural tissues Discusses the engineering of bio-inspired scaffolds with the ability to mimic living tissue Reveals how to use renewable resources to develop more sustainable lightweight materials Illustrates the state of the art of porous scaffold and process techniques A book dedicated to material science, Biofoams: Science and Applications of Bio-Based Cellular and Porous Materials focuses on food technology, polymers and composites, biomedical, and chemical engineering, and examines how the principles used in the creation of cellular structures can be applied in modern industry.