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This book advances our understanding of university spin-off
creation and development in environments outside the high-tech
clusters of the US. While there has been substantial university
spin-off activity internationally in recent years, a number of
major aspects are little understood. The authors argue that the
nature of universities is changing as reduced public funding
reflects a public debate on their role in society. An important
aspect of this international phenomenon is an increased emphasis on
the commercialization of university research and on academic
entrepreneurship. These new ventures therefore involve the
spinning-off of technology and knowledge generated by universities.
The authors adopt a multi-level approach in their examination of
university spin-offs. European case studies are specifically
selected to reflect the diversity of the institutional environment.
In particular, units of analysis involving universities, technology
transfer offices, spin-off firms, finance providers and individual
entrepreneurs and teams are extensively analysed in quantitative
and qualitative studies. To conclude, policy implications for the
future successful development of spin-offs are identified. This
fascinating book will appeal to a wide-ranging audience including
academics, policy makers, researchers and practitioners with an
interest in academic entrepreneurship and university spin-offs,
and, more generally, in business and management and
entrepreneurship.
This highly accessible book brings together the insights of leading
academics and researchers to promote a better understanding of the
role of private equity providers in the development of
growth-oriented start-ups and the management of growth processes.
The book explores the domain of start-up and business venturing,
and within this realm, the perspectives of the entrepreneur, the
venture capitalist, the financial community and the role of
government in private equity are considered. Specifically, topics
discussed include: * the venture capital industry * investment in
venture capital funds in Europe * the Equity Gap * European private
equity funds * the role of private equity in the creation of
university spin-out companies * motivation of entrepreneurs towards
private equity operations. Providing theoretical frameworks
together with practical conclusions and implications, this book
will be warmly welcomed by academics and practitioners alike. It
will be of particular value to scholars with an interest in
business, management and entrepreneurship, to investment
professionals and policy advisors involved in stimulating
entrepreneurship, and, of course, to entrepreneurs themselves.
This highly accessible book brings together the insights of leading
academics and researchers to promote a better understanding of the
role of private equity providers in the development of
growth-oriented start-ups and the management of growth processes.
The book explores the domain of start-up and business venturing,
and within this realm, the perspectives of the entrepreneur, the
venture capitalist, the financial community and the role of
government in private equity are considered. Specifically, topics
discussed include: * the venture capital industry * investment in
venture capital funds in Europe * the Equity Gap * European private
equity funds * the role of private equity in the creation of
university spin-out companies * motivation of entrepreneurs towards
private equity operations. Providing theoretical frameworks
together with practical conclusions and implications, this book
will be warmly welcomed by academics and practitioners alike. It
will be of particular value to scholars with an interest in
business, management and entrepreneurship, to investment
professionals and policy advisors involved in stimulating
entrepreneurship, and, of course, to entrepreneurs themselves.
Biotechnology is referred to as one of the key enabling
technologies of the 21st century. It has the potential to offer
solutions for a number of health and resource-based problems the
world is facing, such as unmet medical needs and fossil fuel
dependency. Considerable effort and investment has been expended in
recent years to try and improve the outcomes of technology transfer
in order to fulfill this potential.This book presents seventeen
best-practice case studies on the topic of effective technology
transfer in biotechnology. The selected case studies focus on
technology transfer offices, funding models, incubators, education
and clusters. Each presents an overview of an initiative that was
deployed in Europe with the aim of supporting and stimulating the
transfer of biotechnology discoveries and technologies from
research laboratories to society. Readers are provided with a
critical assessment of each initiative and policy makers,
entrepreneurs, cluster managers and research institute managers
will find inspiring lessons they can draw on when developing and
implementing similar initiatives elsewhere.These cases are the
product of research undertaken as part of the ETTBio (Effective
Technology Transfer in Biotechnology) project, co-financed by the
European Union (ERDF - European Regional Development Fund) and made
possible by the INTERREG IVC Programme. ETTBio commenced in January
2012 and concluded in December 2014.
This book advances our understanding of university spin-off
creation and development in environments outside the high-tech
clusters of the US. While there has been substantial university
spin-off activity internationally in recent years, a number of
major aspects are little understood. The authors argue that the
nature of universities is changing as reduced public funding
reflects a public debate on their role in society. An important
aspect of this international phenomenon is an increased emphasis on
the commercialization of university research and on academic
entrepreneurship. These new ventures therefore involve the
spinning-off of technology and knowledge generated by universities.
The authors adopt a multi-level approach in their examination of
university spin-offs. European case studies are specifically
selected to reflect the diversity of the institutional environment.
In particular, units of analysis involving universities, technology
transfer offices, spin-off firms, finance providers and individual
entrepreneurs and teams are extensively analysed in quantitative
and qualitative studies. To conclude, policy implications for the
future successful development of spin-offs are identified. This
fascinating book will appeal to a wide-ranging audience including
academics, policy makers, researchers and practitioners with an
interest in academic entrepreneurship and university spin-offs,
and, more generally, in business and management and
entrepreneurship.
Student Entrepreneurship aims to provide a systematic literature
review on the topic, to discuss and suggest a workable definition,
and to explore opportunities for further research on student
entrepreneurship as a phenomenon and as a basis for theorizing. As
is to be expected in an emerging phenomenon of interest, most
studies are atheoretical and try to understand the phenomenon in
and of itself. The more recent papers on the phenomenon have moved
towards using a theoretical approach which could be challenged,
changed, or extended in the relevant student population. This
review of the literature shows that most studies describe the
phenomenon and try to understand the motivations and/or
characteristics of student entrepreneurs, while some make causal
relations between those motivations and entrepreneurial behavior.
The authors start by discussing the method used to systematically
list the different contributions to the emerging literature of
student entrepreneurship. Next, they describe the different
contributions to the phenomenon of student entrepreneurship to the
theory of entrepreneurship. Finally, they discuss how the
uniqueness of the phenomenon can create unique opportunities for
theoretical research.
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