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Decision analysis has become widely recognized as an important
process for translating science into management actions. With
climate change and other systemic threats as driving forces in
creating environmental and engineering problems, there is a great
need for understanding decision making frameworks through a
case-study based approach. Management of environmental and
engineering projects is often complicated and multidisciplinary in
scope and nature, thus issues that arise can be difficult to solve
analytically. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: Case Studies in
Engineering and the Environment provides detailed description of
MCDA methods and tools and illustrates their applications through
case studies focused on sustainability and system engineering
applications. New in the Second Edition: Addresses current and
emerging environmental and engineering problems Includes seven new
case studies to illustrate different management situations
applicable at the international level Builds on real case studies
from recent and relevant environmental and engineering management
experience Describes advanced MCDA techniques and extensions used
by practitioners Provides corresponding decision models implemented
using the DECERNS software package Gives a more holistic approach
to teaching MCDA methodology with a focus on sustainable solutions
and adoption of new technologies, including nanotechnology and
synthetic biology Given the novelty and inherent applicability of
this decision-making framework to the environmental and engineering
fields, a greater number of teaching tools for this topic need to
be made available. This book provides those teaching tools,
covering the breadth of the applications of MCDA methodologies with
clear explanations of the MCDA process. The case studies are
implemented in the DECERNS software package, allowing readers to
experiment and explore and to understand the full process by which
environmental managers assess these problems. This book is a great
resource for professionals and students seeking to learn decision
analysis techniques and apply similar frameworks to environmental
and engineering projects
Decision analysis has become widely recognized as an important
process for translating science into management actions. With
climate change and other systemic threats as driving forces in
creating environmental and engineering problems, there is a great
need for understanding decision making frameworks through a
case-study based approach. Management of environmental and
engineering projects is often complicated and multidisciplinary in
scope and nature, thus issues that arise can be difficult to solve
analytically. Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis: Case Studies in
Engineering and the Environment provides detailed description of
MCDA methods and tools and illustrates their applications through
case studies focused on sustainability and system engineering
applications. New in the Second Edition: Addresses current and
emerging environmental and engineering problems Includes seven new
case studies to illustrate different management situations
applicable at the international level Builds on real case studies
from recent and relevant environmental and engineering management
experience Describes advanced MCDA techniques and extensions used
by practitioners Provides corresponding decision models implemented
using the DECERNS software package Gives a more holistic approach
to teaching MCDA methodology with a focus on sustainable solutions
and adoption of new technologies, including nanotechnology and
synthetic biology Given the novelty and inherent applicability of
this decision-making framework to the environmental and engineering
fields, a greater number of teaching tools for this topic need to
be made available. This book provides those teaching tools,
covering the breadth of the applications of MCDA methodologies with
clear explanations of the MCDA process. The case studies are
implemented in the DECERNS software package, allowing readers to
experiment and explore and to understand the full process by which
environmental managers assess these problems. This book is a great
resource for professionals and students seeking to learn decision
analysis techniques and apply similar frameworks to environmental
and engineering projects
Synthetic biology offers powerful remedies for some of the world's
most intractable problems, but these solutions are clouded by
uncertainty and risk that few strategies are available to address.
The incentives for continued development of this emerging
technology are prodigious and obvious, and the public deserves
assurances that all potential downsides are duly considered and
minimized accordingly. Incorporating social science analysis within
the innovation process may impose constraints, but its simultaneous
support in making the end products more acceptable to society at
large should be considered a worthy trade-off. Contributing authors
in this volume represent diverse perspectives related to synthetic
biology's social sciences, and reflect on different areas of risk
analysis and governance that have developed for the field. Such
perspectives include leading scholarly discussion pertaining to
risk assessment, governance, ethics, and communication. The
chapters of this volume note that while the first twenty years of
synthetic biology development have focused strongly on
technological innovation and product development, the next twenty
should emphasize the synergy between developers, policymakers, and
publics to generate the most beneficial, well governed, and
transparent technologies and products possible. Many chapters in
this volume provide new data and approaches that demonstrate the
feasibility for multi-stakeholder efforts involving policymakers,
regulators, industrial developers, workers, experts, and societal
representatives to share responsibilities in the production of
effective and acceptable governance in the face of uncertain risk
probabilities. A full consideration of such perspectives may
prevent a world of draconian regulations based on an insufficient
or incomplete understanding of the science that underpins synthetic
biology, as well as any hesitancy or fear by the public to adopt
its eventual products.
This book explores the challenges that confront leaders in
government and industry when making decisions in the areas of
environmental health and safety. Today, decision making demands
transparency, robustness, and resiliency. However thoughtfully they
are devised, decisions made by governments and enterprises can
often trigger immediate, passionate public response. Expertise
Under Scrutiny shows how leaders can establish organizational
decision making processes that yield valid, workable choices even
in fast-changing and uncertain conditions. The first part of the
book examines the organizational decision making process,
describing the often-contentious environment in which important
environmental health and safety decisions are made, and received.
The authors review the roles of actors and experts in the decision
making process. The book goes on to address such topics as: * The
roles of actors and experts in the decision making process * Ethics
and analytics as drivers of good decisions * Why managing problems
in safety, security, environment, and health Part II offers an
outline for adopting a formal decision support structure, including
the use of decision support tools. It includes a chapter devoted to
ELECTRE (ELimination and Choice Expressing Reality), a
multi-criteria decision analysis system. The book concludes with an
insightful appraisal and analysis of the expertise, structure and
resources needed for navigating well-supported, risk-informed
decisions in our 21st Century world. Expertise Under Scrutiny
benefits a broad audience of students, academics, researchers, and
working professionals in management and related disciplines,
especially in the field of environmental health and safety.
This book offers a comprehensive view on resilience based upon
state-of-the-science theories and methodological applications that
resilience may fill. Specifically, this text provides a compendium
of knowledge on the theory, methods, and practice of resilience
across a variety of country and case contexts, and demonstrates how
a resilience-based approach can help further improved
infrastructure, vibrant societies, and sustainable environments and
ecologies, among many others. Resilience is a term with thousands
of years of history. Only recently has resilience been applied to
the management of complex interconnected systems, yet its impact as
a governing philosophy and an engineering practice has been
pronounced. Colloquially, resilience has been used as a synonym for
'bouncing back'. Philosophically and methodologically, however, it
is much more. In a world defined by interconnected and
interdependent systems such as water, food, energy, transportation,
and the internet, a sudden and unexpected disruption to one
critical system can lead to significant challenges for many others.
The Science and Practice of Resilience is beneficial for those
seeking to gain a rich knowledge of the resilience world, as well
as for practitioners looking for methods and tools by which
resilience may be applied in real-world contexts.
Synthetic biology offers powerful remedies for some of the world's
most intractable problems, but these solutions are clouded by
uncertainty and risk that few strategies are available to address.
The incentives for continued development of this emerging
technology are prodigious and obvious, and the public deserves
assurances that all potential downsides are duly considered and
minimized accordingly. Incorporating social science analysis within
the innovation process may impose constraints, but its simultaneous
support in making the end products more acceptable to society at
large should be considered a worthy trade-off. Contributing authors
in this volume represent diverse perspectives related to synthetic
biology's social sciences, and reflect on different areas of risk
analysis and governance that have developed for the field. Such
perspectives include leading scholarly discussion pertaining to
risk assessment, governance, ethics, and communication. The
chapters of this volume note that while the first twenty years of
synthetic biology development have focused strongly on
technological innovation and product development, the next twenty
should emphasize the synergy between developers, policymakers, and
publics to generate the most beneficial, well governed, and
transparent technologies and products possible. Many chapters in
this volume provide new data and approaches that demonstrate the
feasibility for multi-stakeholder efforts involving policymakers,
regulators, industrial developers, workers, experts, and societal
representatives to share responsibilities in the production of
effective and acceptable governance in the face of uncertain risk
probabilities. A full consideration of such perspectives may
prevent a world of draconian regulations based on an insufficient
or incomplete understanding of the science that underpins synthetic
biology, as well as any hesitancy or fear by the public to adopt
its eventual products.
Synthetic biology is a field of biotechnology that is rapidly
growing in various applications, such as in medicine, environmental
sustainability, and energy production. However these technologies
also have unforeseen risks and applications to humans and the
environment. This open access book presents discussions on risks
and mitigation strategies for these technologies including
biosecurity, or the potential of synthetic biology technologies and
processes to be deliberately misused for nefarious purposes. The
book presents strategies to prevent, mitigate, and recover from
'dual-use concern' biosecurity challenges that may be raised by
individuals, rogue states, or non-state actors. Several key topics
are explored including opportunities to develop more coherent and
scalable approaches to govern biosecurity from a laboratory
perspective up to the international scale and strategies to prevent
potential health and environmental hazards posed by deliberate
misuse of synthetic biology without stifling innovation. The book
brings together the expertise of top scholars in synthetic biology
and biotechnology risk assessment, management, and communication to
discuss potential biosecurity governing strategies and offer
perspectives for collaboration in oversight and future regulatory
guidance.
Synthetic biology is a field of biotechnology that is rapidly
growing in various applications, such as in medicine, environmental
sustainability, and energy production. However these technologies
also have unforeseen risks and applications to humans and the
environment. This open access book presents discussions on risks
and mitigation strategies for these technologies including
biosecurity, or the potential of synthetic biology technologies and
processes to be deliberately misused for nefarious purposes. The
book presents strategies to prevent, mitigate, and recover from
'dual-use concern' biosecurity challenges that may be raised by
individuals, rogue states, or non-state actors. Several key topics
are explored including opportunities to develop more coherent and
scalable approaches to govern biosecurity from a laboratory
perspective up to the international scale and strategies to prevent
potential health and environmental hazards posed by deliberate
misuse of synthetic biology without stifling innovation. The book
brings together the expertise of top scholars in synthetic biology
and biotechnology risk assessment, management, and communication to
discuss potential biosecurity governing strategies and offer
perspectives for collaboration in oversight and future regulatory
guidance.
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