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First published in 2000 by the United States Air Force History
History and Museums program, this official history deals with the
role of the United States Air Force in advising the South
Vietnamese Air Force and waging war in South Vietnam, Cambodia, and
Laos from 1968 through 1975. Illustrated with maps and photos.
This publication is derived from official records and appropriate
published manuscript sources. It is published for the information
of those interested in the history of Marine officer procurement
from 1775 to 1969. In order to chronicle the history of Marine
Corps officer procurement, a clarification of terminology is
needed. "Procurement" is the normally accepted term to describe the
obtaining of officers for the military. Actually, "procurement" is
defined "as obtaining or securing." There are, of course, further
definitions of the word, but all basically refer to the process of
obtaining or securing. Officer procurement, however, as witnessed
throughout Marine Corps history, in both lean and plentiful years,
has been more appropriately reflected in the term "selection," to
wit: ..".a choosing in preference to another or other; picked out
especially for excellence or some special quality; picked."
Consequently, the business of procuring officers for the Marine
Corps is officially known as "Officer Selection" and an officer who
does in fact select officer candidates is known as an "Officer
Selection Officer." Historically, officer selection or officer
procurement, regardless of the terminology used, is and has been
fundamental to the success of the Corps. Such was the case in 1775
... and so it will be in the future.
This concise narrative of the Marine battle for Iwo Jima and the
events surrounding the famous flag raisings atop Mount Suribachi is
an updated revision of one of the most popular pamphlets ever
produced by the History and Museums Division. Compiled from
original records and appropriate historical works and printed as
two separate reference pamphlets in 1962, the chronicle was
combined into one volume in 1967.
This publication is a concise narrative of the role of the U.S.
Marines in the American interventions in Nicaragua during the
period 1910-1933. The chronicle was compiled from official records
and appropriate historical works and is published to give a further
understanding of Marine participation in counterinsurgency warfare
during the second two decades of the 20th century.
It's 1952. Marines have been fighting in Korea for just over 2
years. The daring execution of the Inchon Landing, if not
forgotten, might as well have been. For instead of conducting
amphibious assaults and moving rapidly though North Korean forces,
the Marines of the Ist Marine Division are fighting along a main
line of resistance (MLR)-outpost warfare-static warfare that
consisted of slugfests between artillery and mortars, but always
the infantryman moving in small groups attacking and reattacking
the same ground.
This work is part of the Marines in World War II Commemorative
Series and offers a concise narrative that recounts the history of
African-American Marines in World War II.
This is a concise narrative of Marine Corps participation in the
Spanish-American War. The chronicle was compiled from official
records and appropriate historical works and is published for the
information of those interested in this important period in our
history.
A concise narrative of the role of the U. S. Marines in the
American interventions in Nicaragua during the period of 1910-1933.
The chronicle was compiled from official records and appropriate
historical works and is published to give a further understanding
of Marine participation in the counterinsurgency warfare during the
second two decades of the 20th century.
When the United States began arming against aggression by the Axis
powers - Nazi Germany, Imperial Japan, and Fascist Italy- the
Marine Corps had a simple and inflexible policy governing
AfricanAmericans: it had not accepted them since its
reestablishment in 1798 and did not want them now. In April 1941,
during a meeting of the General Board of the Navy - a body roughly
comparable to the War Department General Staff - the Commandant of
the Marine Corps, Major General Thomas Holcomb, declared that
blacks had no place in the organization he headed. "If it were a
question of having a Marine Corps of 5,000 whites or 250,000
Negroes," he said, "I would rather have the whites." Whereas
General Holcomb and the Marine Corps refused to accept
African-Americans, the Navy admitted blacks in small numbers, but
only to serve as messmen or stewards. The forces of change were
gathering momentum, however. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, after
meeting in September 1940 with a panel of black leaders, offered
African-Americans better treatment and greater opportunity within
the segregated armed forces in return for their support of his
rearmament program and his attempt to gain an unprecedented third
term in the November Presidential election. Roosevelt won that
election with the help of those blacks, mainly in the cities of the
North, who could still exercise the right to vote, and he did so
without antagonizing the Southern segregationists in the Senate and
House of Representatives whose support he needed for his antiNazi
foreign policy. By the spring of 1941, many black leaders felt that
the time had come for the Roosevelt administration to make good its
pledge to AfricanAmericans, repaying them for their help. This book
offers a concise narrative that recounts the history of
African-American Marines in World War II.
This order is about military operations of U.S. Marines from Bunker
Hill to the Hook. It goes into the details of warfare in world war
one.
Full color reprint of Naval Historical Study in the U.S. Navy in
the Korean War series.
The Air Force History and Museums Program has prepared accounts of
the United States Air Force and the war in Southeast Asia according
to a design that reflects the compartmentalized nature of the
conflict itself. Besides the special studies like the illustrated
history (The United States Air Force in Southeast Asia, 1961-1973:
An Illustrated Account) and the monographs, some of them quite
lengthy, on topics like rescue or tactical airlift, the Air Force
history program has published volumes on the air wars over South
Vietnam and Cambodia, North Vietnam, and Laos. This book is the
last of three recounting operations in Laos, one of them dealing
with the war in the northern part of that kingdom and the other two
with aerial interdiction in the south. This history covers the
critical years from 1968 through 1972, when the Air Force carried
out the Commando Hunt series of aerial interdiction campaigns
against the Ho Chi Minh Trail in southern Laos, trying, in
conjunction with ground actions, to use air power and electronics
to impede the movement of men and supplies from North Vietnam to
the battlefields of South Vietnam. Conducted during the time the
United States was withdrawing ground forces and turning the war
over to the greatly strengthened armed forces of South Vietnam,
Commando Hunt sought to prevent a North Vietnamese offensive that
would take advantage of the declining U. S. presence. That attack
did not come until March 1972 and not only stopped short of
overrunning South Vietnam, but also was a setback for the Hanoi
government and a cease-fire agreement. The invasion, however,
signaled the end of Commando Hunt, for the South Vietnamese did not
take over the electronic surveillance network-with its computer,
sensors, and communications equipment-that made the series of
aerial interdiction operations possible. "The real war," said Walt
Whitman, "will never get in the books." Yet, even though they
cannot conjure up the realities of death and suffering, heroism and
sacrifice, books like this have a purpose, offering the counsel of
the past to help today's policy makers. What useful principle can
they derive from an account of the events of a few years in a
unique part of the world? Stripped of all that links it to a
particular time, place, and strategy, this narrative warns them
that a determined enemy may be able to use geography, climate, and
ingenuity to blunt the cutting edge of technology. Against such a
foe, what seems flawless in theory or has succeeded brilliantly in
tests may fail in actual combat, but what fails on one battlefield
may succeed years later on another. In the last analysis, military
genius does not reside in compiling lists of lessons learned, but
in analyzing the past and applying its distilled wisdom in new,
perhaps unique, circumstances.
On the early morning of 26 December 1943, Marines poised off the
coast of Japanese-held New Britain could barely make out the
mile-high bulk of Mount Talawe against a sky growing light with the
approach of dawn. Flame billowed from the guns of American and
Australian cruisers and destroyers, shattering the early morning
calm. The men of the 1st Marine Division, commanded by Major
General William H. Rupertus, a veteran of expeditionary duty in
Haiti and China and of the recently concluded Guadalcanal campaign,
steeled themselves as they waited for daylight and the signal to
assault the Yellow Beaches near Cape Gloucester in the northwestern
part of the island. For 90 minutes, the fire support ships blazed
away, trying to neutralize whole areas rather than destroy pinpoint
targets, since dense jungle concealed most of the individual
fortifications and supply dumps. After the day dawned and H-Hour
drew near, Army airmen joined the preliminary bombardment.
Four-engine Consolidated Liberator B-24 bombers, flying so high
that the Marines offshore could barely see them, dropped 500-pound
bombs inland of the beaches, scoring a hit on a fuel dump at the
Cape Gloucester airfield complex and igniting a fiery geyser that
leapt hundreds of feet into the air. Twin-engine North American
Mitchell B-25 medium bombers and Douglas Havoc A-20 light bombers,
attacking from lower altitude, pounced on the only Japanese
antiaircraft gun rash enough to open fire. Cape Gloucester: the
Green Inferno is a narrative of the activities of the Marine Corps.
Official records and appropriate historical works were used in
compiling this chronicle, which is published for the information of
those interested in the history of Cape Gloucester.
The term "Battles of the Outposts" encompasses the fighting that
took place in the final two years of the Korean War. In the first
year of the war sweeping movement up and down the peninsula
characterized the fighting. Combat raged from the 38th Parallel
south to the Pusan Perimeter then, with the landing at Inchon and
the Perimeter breakout, up to the Yalu, and finally a retreat south
again in the face of the massive Chinese intervention.
The origin of this work lies in the continuing program to keep
Marines, who are the key to the success of Marine Corps operations,
informed of the ways of combat and civic action in Vietnam. The
project provides a timely series of short, factual narratives of
small unit action, stories which would have lessons learned as an
integral part.
Cape Gloucester: the Green Inferno is a narrative of the activities
of the Marine Corps. Official records and appropriate historical
works were used in compiling this chronicle, which is published for
the information of those interested in the history of Cape
Gloucester.
The book is part of the Marines in the Korean War Commemorative
Series. It depicts the Marine involvement in the events from the
Nevada Battles to the Armistice.
Marine Corps Historical Reference Series, Number 6.
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