Clifford algebras are assuming now an increasing role in theoretical physics. Some of them predominantly larger ones are used in elementary particle theory, especially for a unification of the fundamental interactions. The smaller ones are promoted in more classical domains. This book is intended to demonstrate usefulness of Clifford algebras in classical electrodynamics. Written with a pedagogical aim, it begins with an introductory chapter devoted to multivectors and Clifford algebra for the three-dimensional space. In a later chapter modifications are presented necessary for higher dimension and for the pseudoeuclidean metric of the Minkowski space.Among other advantages one is worth mentioning: Due to a bivectorial description of the magnetic field a notion of force surfaces naturally emerges, which reveals an intimate link between the magnetic field and the electric currents as its sources. Because of the elementary level of presentation, this book can be treated as an introductory course to electromagnetic theory. Numerous illustrations are helpful in visualizing the exposition. Furthermore, each chapter ends with a list of problems which amplify or further illustrate the fundamental arguments.

This monograph explores classical electrodynamics from a geometrical perspective with a clear visual presentation throughout. Featuring over 200 figures, readers will delve into the definitions, properties, and uses of directed quantities in classical field theory. With an emphasis on both mathematical and electrodynamic concepts, the author's illustrative approach will help readers understand the critical role directed quantities play in physics and mathematics. Chapters are organized so that they gradually scale in complexity, and carefully guide readers through important topics. The first three chapters introduce directed quantities in three dimensions with and without the metric, as well as the development of the algebra and analysis of directed quantities. Chapters four through seven then focus on electrodynamics without the metric, such as the premetric case, waves, and fully covariant four-dimensional electrodynamics. Complementing the book's careful structure, exercises are included throughout for readers seeking further opportunities to practice the material. Directed Quantities in Electrodynamics will appeal to students, lecturers, and researchers of electromagnetism. It is particularly suitable as a supplement to standard textbooks on electrodynamics.

The XII Max Born Symposium has a special character. It was held in honour th of Jan Lopusza nski on the occasion of his 75 birthday. As a rule the Max Born Symposia organized by the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Wroc law were devoted to well-de ned subjects of contemporary interest. This time, however, the organizers decided to make an exception. Lopusza nski's in?uence on and contribution to the development of th- retical physics at Wrocla w University is highly appreciable. His personality and scienti c achievements gave him authority which he used to the best - vantage of the Institute. In fact we still pro t from his knowledge, experience and judgment. Lopusza nski's scienti c activity extended over about half a century. He successfully participated in research on the most important and fascinating issues of theoretical physics. During his scienti c career he met and made friends with many outstanding physicists who shaped theoretical physics to the present form. For this reason, as well as the coincidence of the approaching end of the century, we thought that it would be interesting and instructive to give the symposium a retrospective character. We decided to trust the speakers' judgment and intuition for the choice of subjects for their talks. We just asked them to give the audience the important message based on their knowledge and experience.

ZBIGNIEW OZIEWICZ University of Wroclaw, Poland December 1992 The First Max Born Symposium in Theoretical and Mathematical Phy sics, organized by the University of Wrodaw, was held in September 1991 with the intent that it would become an annual event. It is the outgrowth of the annual Seminars organized jointly since 1972 with the University of Leipzig. The name of the Symposia was proposed by Professor Jan Lopu szanski. Max Born, an outstanding German theoretical physicist, was born in 1883 in Breslau (the German name of Wrodaw) and educated here. The Second Max Born Symposium was held during the four days 24- 27 September 1992 in an old Sobotka Castle 30 km west of Wrodaw. The Sobotka Castle was built in the eleventh century. The dates engraved on the walls of the Castle are 1024, 1140, and at the last rebuilding, 1885. The castle served as a cloister until the end of the sixteenth century."

The XII Max Born Symposium has a special character. It was held in honour th of Jan Lopusza nski on the occasion of his 75 birthday. As a rule the Max Born Symposia organized by the Institute of Theoretical Physics at the University of Wroc law were devoted to well-de ned subjects of contemporary interest. This time, however, the organizers decided to make an exception. Lopusza nski's in?uence on and contribution to the development of th- retical physics at Wrocla w University is highly appreciable. His personality and scienti c achievements gave him authority which he used to the best - vantage of the Institute. In fact we still pro t from his knowledge, experience and judgment. Lopusza nski's scienti c activity extended over about half a century. He successfully participated in research on the most important and fascinating issues of theoretical physics. During his scienti c career he met and made friends with many outstanding physicists who shaped theoretical physics to the present form. For this reason, as well as the coincidence of the approaching end of the century, we thought that it would be interesting and instructive to give the symposium a retrospective character. We decided to trust the speakers' judgment and intuition for the choice of subjects for their talks. We just asked them to give the audience the important message based on their knowledge and experience.

ZBIGNIEW OZIEWICZ University of Wroclaw, Poland December 1992 The First Max Born Symposium in Theoretical and Mathematical Phy sics, organized by the University of Wrodaw, was held in September 1991 with the intent that it would become an annual event. It is the outgrowth of the annual Seminars organized jointly since 1972 with the University of Leipzig. The name of the Symposia was proposed by Professor Jan Lopu szanski. Max Born, an outstanding German theoretical physicist, was born in 1883 in Breslau (the German name of Wrodaw) and educated here. The Second Max Born Symposium was held during the four days 24- 27 September 1992 in an old Sobotka Castle 30 km west of Wrodaw. The Sobotka Castle was built in the eleventh century. The dates engraved on the walls of the Castle are 1024, 1140, and at the last rebuilding, 1885. The castle served as a cloister until the end of the sixteenth century."