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The observation that domestic artefacts are often recovered during
church excavations led to an archaeological re-assessment of
forty-seven Early Byzantine basilical church excavations and their
historical, gender and liturgical context. The excavations were
restricted to the three most common basilical church plans to allow
for like-for-like analysis between sites that share the same plan:
monoapsidal, inscribed and triapsidal. These sites were later found
to have two distinct sanctuary configurations, namely a -shaped
sanctuary in front of the apse, or else a sanctuary that extended
across both side aisles that often formed a characteristic T-shaped
layout. Further analysis indicated that -shaped sanctuaries are
found in two church plans: firstly a protruding monoapsidal plan
that characteristically has a major entrance located to either side
of the apse, which is also referred to as a 'Constantinopolitan'
church plan; and secondly in the inscribed plan, which is also
referred to as a 'Syrian' church plan. The T-shaped layout is
characteristic of the triapsidal plan, but can also occur in a
monoapsidal plan, and this is referred to as a 'Roman' church plan.
Detailed analysis of inscriptions and patterns of artefactual
deposition also revealed the probable location of the diakonikon
where the rite of prothesis took place.
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