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This book analyzes the civil war in Yemen and how intervening
external actors have shaped the trajectory of the conflict. The
work examines the conflict in Yemen as a testing ground for
expectations about the autonomy and control of proxies by external
patrons and the direct consequences for civilian victimization and
duration of war. Like other proxy wars, the international
dimensions of the war made the conflict in Yemen subject to the
geopolitical interests of intervening powers. The longstanding
power rivalry between Saudi Arabia and Iran over Middle East
supremacy resulted in a competitive intervention in Yemen, where
the initial belligerents of the civil war-the Houthi and the Hadi
regime-were used as proxies by Tehran and the Gulf coalition led by
Riyadh, respectively. Their intervention ultimately translated into
a prolonged and destructive conflict. The often contradictory and
self-interested patronage strategies by the coalition's two central
patrons, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, undermined
their broader goal of containing Iran. However, Iran's support for
the Houthis enabled them to bait and bleed the Gulf coalition.
Lastly, in an effort to balance against Iran, the United States
underwrote the military campaign of the Gulf states with military
hardware and personnel, thereby further prolonging the conflict and
humanitarian disaster. This book concludes that intervention by
external patrons both protracted the civil war and made it far more
destructive for the civilian population. This book will be of much
interest to students of proxy wars, Middle Eastern conflict, and
security studies in general.
This book examines the dynamics of relations and the substance of
the negotiations between the international community and Iran over
the latter's nuclear programme. Iran's nuclear programme and the
alleged threat to international peace and security remains one of
the most important issues in the United States, as well as in
European foreign affairs. In the US, Iran has dominated the
political discourse for over three decades and Europe has spent
considerable political capital in finding a diplomatic solution to
Iran's nuclear ambitions. While relations between both states
remain subject to mutual hostility, the EU remains a channel of
communication and since 2003 has maintained a multilateral
negotiation framework. By and large, the narrative on nuclear
negotiations is dominated by constructivist and realist literature,
portraying relations between the US and Iran in ideological terms
as a prolonged struggle for regional influence. Embedded within
conflict resolution and diplomatic theory, this work attempts to
bridge this gap. Drawing upon primary documents and interviews, the
text examines negotiation behaviour, and strategies and tools of
statecraft, as well as analysing technical aspects of initiatives
concerning the nuclear programme. This book will be of much
interest to students of nuclear proliferation, international
diplomacy, Middle Eastern politics, security studies and IR in
general.
This book examines the dynamics of relations and the substance of
the negotiations between the international community and Iran over
the latter's nuclear programme. Iran's nuclear programme and the
alleged threat to international peace and security remains one of
the most important issues in the United States, as well as in
European foreign affairs. In the US, Iran has dominated the
political discourse for over three decades and Europe has spent
considerable political capital in finding a diplomatic solution to
Iran's nuclear ambitions. While relations between both states
remain subject to mutual hostility, the EU remains a channel of
communication and since 2003 has maintained a multilateral
negotiation framework. By and large, the narrative on nuclear
negotiations is dominated by constructivist and realist literature,
portraying relations between the US and Iran in ideological terms
as a prolonged struggle for regional influence. Embedded within
conflict resolution and diplomatic theory, this work attempts to
bridge this gap. Drawing upon primary documents and interviews, the
text examines negotiation behaviour, and strategies and tools of
statecraft, as well as analysing technical aspects of initiatives
concerning the nuclear programme. This book will be of much
interest to students of nuclear proliferation, international
diplomacy, Middle Eastern politics, security studies and IR in
general.
This book offers a realist critique of US foreign policy towards
the Middle East in the past decade. It critically examines four
core foundations of contemporary US Middle East policy: US
relations with Saudi Arabia after the Arab Spring; US diplomacy
towards Iran and the Obama administration's policy of engagement;
the road to, and aftermath of, the 2003 US-led invasion of Iraq;
and US policy towards nuclear-armed Israel. Because of a closely
guarded bipartisan consensus, these four core foundations of
contemporary US Middle East policy have largely evaded public
criticism and scrutiny. This book argues that US strategy towards
the Middle East has rarely been guided by order, stability and the
national interest. Rather, successive administrations have created
a house of cards built on a series of deceptions and constructed
perceptions or myths. Combined, these four aspects of US Middle
East policy have ushered in a decade of political violence,
instability, sectarian divisions and an imbalance of power which
has culminated in the territorial disintegration of Iraq and
countries in the Levant as well as the rise of ISIS. Moving forward
requires a rational pursuit of the national interest based on
realist principles. This book will be of much interest to students
of US foreign policy, Middle Eastern politics, security studies and
IR in general.
This book offers a realist critique of US foreign policy towards
the Middle East in the past decade. It critically examines four
core foundations of contemporary US Middle East policy: US
relations with Saudi Arabia after the Arab Spring; US diplomacy
towards Iran and the Obama administration's policy of engagement;
the road to, and aftermath of, the 2003 US-led invasion of Iraq;
and US policy towards nuclear-armed Israel. Because of a closely
guarded bipartisan consensus, these four core foundations of
contemporary US Middle East policy have largely evaded public
criticism and scrutiny. This book argues that US strategy towards
the Middle East has rarely been guided by order, stability and the
national interest. Rather, successive administrations have created
a house of cards built on a series of deceptions and constructed
perceptions or myths. Combined, these four aspects of US Middle
East policy have ushered in a decade of political violence,
instability, sectarian divisions and an imbalance of power which
has culminated in the territorial disintegration of Iraq and
countries in the Levant as well as the rise of ISIS. Moving forward
requires a rational pursuit of the national interest based on
realist principles. This book will be of much interest to students
of US foreign policy, Middle Eastern politics, security studies and
IR in general.
Rhetoric and Governance under Trump: Proclamations from the
Bullshit Pulpit analyzes the rhetoric of Donald Trump to argue that
Trump's deeply illiberal rhetoric, cruel policies, corruption,
disruptive foreign policy, and disdain for the rule of law makes
him a textbook populist. However, his embrace of mainstream
conservative policies and the culture war narratives that come with
them made him a rather conventional Republican. Being more
plutocrat than populist, Trump had to bridge this fundamental
contradiction by employing populist and polarizing rhetoric,
alongside fabricated crises, to uphold the veneer of being an
anti-status quo politician. Bernd Kaussler, Lars J. Kristiansen,
and Jeffrey Delbert argue that, for Trump, bullshit,
confrontational politics, and fear has emerged as a vital political
strategy. Through an analysis of Trump's first three years in
office, the authors find that President Trump governed using a
communication strategy that a) denied facts, relied heavily on
bullshit, lies, and fabricated counter-narratives; b) attacked news
outlets and the opposition to foster identity-based polarization in
order to sideline critics and stir up factions for specific
political ends; and c) dismissed legitimate criticism of policies
and the conduct of the administration and the president himself as
"fake news." Kaussler, Kristiansen, and Delbert argue that the
repeated use of this strategy, along with a mixture of public
complacency and concerted efforts on the part of his own party, has
allowed Trump to work toward normalizing these lies and cover-ups
throughout his tenure, only further exacerbating the highly
polarized and partisan political environment in the United States.
Scholars of rhetoric, communication, political science, and media
studies will find this book particularly useful.
In the summer of 2013 the Central Intelligence Agency and the
Clinton Presidential Library made an unprecedented declassification
of more than 300 documents showing the role of intelligence in
supporting American decision-making on Bosnia in the 1990s, and in
particular the 1995 Dayton Peace Agreement, which brought an end to
the fighting in Bosnia. The following spring, James Madison
University hosted a conference in which scholars from all over the
world assessed what the documents show about what is needed for the
complex process of making peace. Aspects covered included military,
political, diplomatic, and religious, among others. Timothy R.
Walton's The Role of Intelligence in Ending the War in Bosnia in
1995 offers a collection of papers presented at the conference;
several of the authors were participants in the events of the time.
Rhetoric and Governance under Trump: Proclamations from the
Bullshit Pulpit analyzes the rhetoric of Donald Trump to argue that
Trump's deeply illiberal rhetoric, cruel policies, corruption,
disruptive foreign policy, and disdain for the rule of law makes
him a textbook populist. However, his embrace of mainstream
conservative policies and the culture war narratives that come with
them made him a rather conventional Republican. Being more
plutocrat than populist, Trump had to bridge this fundamental
contradiction by employing populist and polarizing rhetoric,
alongside fabricated crises, to uphold the veneer of being an
anti-status quo politician. Bernd Kaussler, Lars J. Kristiansen,
and Jeffrey Delbert argue that, for Trump, bullshit,
confrontational politics, and fear has emerged as a vital political
strategy. Through an analysis of Trump's first three years in
office, the authors find that President Trump governed using a
communication strategy that a) denied facts, relied heavily on
bullshit, lies, and fabricated counter-narratives; b) attacked news
outlets and the opposition to foster identity-based polarization in
order to sideline critics and stir up factions for specific
political ends; and c) dismissed legitimate criticism of policies
and the conduct of the administration and the president himself as
"fake news." Kaussler, Kristiansen, and Delbert argue that the
repeated use of this strategy, along with a mixture of public
complacency and concerted efforts on the part of his own party, has
allowed Trump to work toward normalizing these lies and cover-ups
throughout his tenure, only further exacerbating the highly
polarized and partisan political environment in the United States.
Scholars of rhetoric, communication, political science, and media
studies will find this book particularly useful.
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