TECTONlCS AND PHYSICS Geology, although rooted in the laws of physics, rarely has been taught in a manner designed to stress the relations between the laws and theorems of physics and the postulates of geology. The same is true of geophysics, whose specialties (seismology, gravimetIy, magnetics, magnetotellurics) deal only with the laws that govern them, and not with those that govern geology's postulates. The branch of geology and geophysics called tectonophysics is not a formalized discipline or subdiscipline, and, therefore, has no formal laws or theorems of its own. Although many recent books claim to be textbooks in tectonophysics, they are not; they are books designed to explain one hypothesis, just as the present book is designed to explain one hypothesis. The textbook that comes closest to being a textbook of tectonophysics is Peter 1. Wyllie's (1971) book, The Dynamic Earth. Teachers, students, and practitioners of geology since the very beginning of earth science teaching have avoided the development of a rigorous (but not rigid) scientific approach to tectonics, largely because we earth scientists have not fully understood the origin of the features with which we are dealing. This fact is not at all surprising when one considers that the database for hypotheses and theories of tectonics, particularly before 1960, has been limited to a small part of the exposed land area on the Earth's surface.

TECTONlCS AND PHYSICS Geology, although rooted in the laws of physics, rarely has been taught in a manner designed to stress the relations between the laws and theorems of physics and the postulates of geology. The same is true of geophysics, whose specialties (seismology, gravimetIy, magnetics, magnetotellurics) deal only with the laws that govern them, and not with those that govern geology's postulates. The branch of geology and geophysics called tectonophysics is not a formalized discipline or subdiscipline, and, therefore, has no formal laws or theorems of its own. Although many recent books claim to be textbooks in tectonophysics, they are not; they are books designed to explain one hypothesis, just as the present book is designed to explain one hypothesis. The textbook that comes closest to being a textbook of tectonophysics is Peter 1. Wyllie's (1971) book, The Dynamic Earth. Teachers, students, and practitioners of geology since the very beginning of earth science teaching have avoided the development of a rigorous (but not rigid) scientific approach to tectonics, largely because we earth scientists have not fully understood the origin of the features with which we are dealing. This fact is not at all surprising when one considers that the database for hypotheses and theories of tectonics, particularly before 1960, has been limited to a small part of the exposed land area on the Earth's surface."

Experiment was conducted at GKVK, Bangalore to study the pollination efficiency of honey bees and other pollinators in cotton PKVH5. Cotton flowers were visited by fourteen species of insect pollinators on both CMS and R line of cotton; all of them belong to order hymenoptera. The mean relative abundance of honeybees (A. cerana, A. dorsata, A. florea) constituted 65 to 70 % on CMS and 75 to 78 % on R line. Among honeybees, A. florea was most predominant followed by A. cerana. The peak foraging activity of honeybees showed a maximum at 13:00 h on adjacent and central rows of CMS line and at 11:00 h on R line, whereas other pollinators showed bimodal activity at 9:00h and 17:00h on both the lines. In total moves of A. cerana within and between parental lines, 15.25 per cent accounted for A to R and 8.75 per cent for R to A visits. In the open pollination of CMS, the per cent of boll set (82.66 and 80.33), seed yield per plant (82.76 and 74.58 g), number of seeds per boll (20.33 and 17.33), test weight (12.24 and 12.46 g) and seed oil content (16.73 and 15.23 %) were significantly higher in adjacent rows of CMS line than in central ones.