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This book will be a comprehensive account of the various facets of
nutraceuticals domain. The peruser of this book will find details
on various nanotech approaches to nutraceuticals, prebiotics and
probiotics, along with their specific applications.
The present book volume presents a holistic view of the aspects of
nanobiomaterials incl. their stellar merits and limitations,
applications in diverse fields, their futuristic promise in the
fields of biomedical science and drug delivery. The federal &
regulatory issues on the usage of nanobiomaterials have been
assigned due consideration.
This book volume encompasses the recent trends made in the
applications of nanoscale tools for diverse constituents of plants
and agriculture, particularly in addressing the critical issues
related to their safety, efficacy, and efficient and cost-efficient
development and production.
The objective of this book is to provide the fundamental
comprehension of a broad range of topics in an integrated volume
such that readership hailing from diverse disciplines can rapidly
acquire the necessary background for applying it in pertinent
research and development field.
In the contemporary automotive manufacturing industry, service
providers are continuously working to improve system optimization
in order to remain competitive in the market and deliver quality
products to satisfy their customers. With this comes the
possibility of failure, rejection and reworking of the components
or services in the system, which can incur high costs and impact
the reputation of an organization. This book uses Failure Mode and
Effect Analysis (FMEA) to assess, investigate and predict the Risk
Priority Number (RPN) of potential failures for three companies
within the manufacturing industry: A metal component supplier in
the automotive sector Part manufacturer for the automobile and
engineering industries Manufacturer of suspension components for
commercial vehicles Integrating human expertise and artificial
intelligence on a single platform, the authors use fuzzy logic as a
tool to overcome the vagueness associated with traditional methods
of assessing potential failures. The book also details the
procedure and scales of how to conduct FMEA, offering guidance on
how to input and rank each risk within manufacturing processes
across a range of sectors's. Each of the three real-world cases
offer suggested improvements for the companies themselves,
alongside takeaways for researchers and professionals within the
fields of manufacturing and supply chain management.
This study is based primarily on secondary sources in English
language and takes issue with Sikh historians to offer novel
perspectives on the nature and function of Sikh misls. It covers
the period beginning in the fall of 1709 when Banda Bahadur and his
small band of Khalsa warriors stormed into Punjab and the Baisakhi
day in 1801 when Ranjit Singh was proclaimed Maharaja of the
Punjab. During this period Punjab was buffeted by political
turbulence and confusion. Mogul empire was losing its majesty and
luster and embroiled with an endless spiral of wars of succession
that weakened the imperial grip over Punjab. The Moguls confronted
a two-front war on two geographically separate fronts. In the
north, primarily in Punjab, the repeated forays of Afghan invader
Abdali so emasculated Mogul hold over Punjab that the Mogul emperor
Ahmad Shah Bahadur ceded Lahore and Multan to Abdali. In the south
the Marathas read the winds of change then blowing through imperial
Mogul indicating an empire on the wane and in 1757 captured Delhi
and vast swathes of countryside up to Saharanpur. With overpowering
presence in the imperial city the Marathas now turned their eye on
Punjab to drive the Afghan invader and occupier from the country.
The Afghans and Marathas faced one another at Panipat. They fought
three battles and in the final clash in January 1761 the Maratha
army suffered a catastrophic defeat, ending Maratha hegemony over
Punjab. Although Abdali managed to crush the Marathas once and for
all, his ambition of hegemony over Punjab was quashed by his
nemesis, the Sikh misls. And in this crucible of turbulence the
Sikhs were to forge their destiny. Following the death of Banda
Bahadur some of his followers for whom marauding had become a way
of life formed their own jathas (gangs) and lived off plunder. On
Baisakhi 1748 these bands or jathas were finally merged into one
army, the Dal Khalsa divided into eleven misls with own name,
leader and flag, under the supreme command of Jassa Singh
Ahluwalia. The twelfth misl was the Phulkian misl but it was not an
integral part of the Dal Khalsa. Pillaging skills that the jathas
honed over the years were employed to pounce on Abdali's
booty-laden caravan, hit and grab as much of loot and make a
getaway to their strongholds and bulwarks in the hills and jungles;
redoubts built for the purpose of better securing their persons and
property against Afghan and Mogul search parties. The misls
pillaged villages, merchants and traders. In time they changed
their tactics. Instead of terrorizing the villages and towns they
offered them protection (rakhi) against interlopers and in return
exact some form of tithe. As a misl amassed large treasure, it also
attracted greater following. The stronger misls would flex their
muscles and intimidate the weaker ones. Territorial influence
intensified rivalry and political maneuverings prompting some
misldars to invite their counterparts to launch an attack on a
chieftain with whom they had a bone to pick with. They
double-crossed each other and often aligned themselves with the
enemy (Moguls or Afghans), without compunction. As the authority of
prominent and wealthy misldars diminished on their passing or old
age, Ranjit Singh, chief of Sukerchakia misl, was able to
amalgamate or annex them under his flag and proclaimed Maharaja.
Transcutaneous drug delivery has many theoretical and practical
advantage and disadvantages, and such issues are often a concern
for both clinicians and patients. Transcutaneous patches are
flexible pharmaceutical preparations of varying sizes, containing
one or more active ingredient, intended to be applied to the
unbroken skin in order to deliver the active ingredient to the
systemic circulation after passing through the skin barriers. A
transcutaneous patch or skin patch is a medicated adhesive patch
that is placed on the skin to deliver a specific dose of medication
through the skin into the bloodstream.Often, this promotes healing
to an injured area of the body. In this method, the drug enters the
bloodstream directly through skin and it avoid absorption and first
pass effect. The drugs that have made it into the transdermal
market include scopolamine, nitroglycerine, nicotine, clonidine,
fantanyl, estradiol, testosterone, lidocaine, and oxybutinin .
Recent additions to this list include lidocaine-tetracaine,
selegiline, methyl phenidate, and rotigotine. However, the future
focus is production of transdermal systems capable of delivering
peptides, proteins including insuline
Guest is God representative and people feel lucky when receiving a
guest at home and attitude gave it industrial thought. Hospitality
is treating people like you would want to be treated when you are
travelling. In other words, it means making a tourist feel totally
welcome not only as your guest, but also as the guest of the Hotel.
Hospitality is genuine smiling fact. Hospitality can be termed as a
deliberate, planned and sustained effort to establish and maintain
mutual understanding between an organization and the public, i.e.,
the business of making and keeping friends, and promoting and
atmosphere of better understanding. As per the Oxford Dictionary
hospitality is defined as 'Reception and entertainment of guests,
visitors, or strangers with liberality and goodwill.' The word
hospitality is derived from the latin word 'Hospitalities'. Very
frequently we hear phrases like 'He is always hospitable to his
visitors', 'We are grateful to friends for their hospitality in
putting us up while we were on holiday',
It also examine the factors that led Punjab towards terrorism and
its impact on the development of the state.
Physical activity had started with the origin of mankind. All
living species such as animals, birds, insects etc. also so
activity to move their bodies. Each individual needs physical
activity which starts from the birth of child and continues till
death. Even before the birth, the child also does some movements in
its mother's womb. Fitness is essence if not in name, has always
been a concern of every human being and physical power from
pre-historic times through history has been equated with survival
and power. Evidences from excavations, Anthropology and history
indicate that sports, games, dances and general play of children
have formed a strong cultural pattern inseparably woven into the
history of man wherever he lived. In the ancient times discussion
about physical fitness frequently involves in arguments about
definition. Fitness is not only a concern of country but it has
become a world wide interest. In the present project the
investigator has made an attempt to study the physical fitness of
selected female students studying in Various Senior Secondary
Schools in Patiala district in urban and rural areas.
The work embodies development and systematic optimization of oral
controlled release (CR) mucoadhesive hydrophilic matrices of
atenolol using "Design of Experiments." A central composite design
was used to optimize drug release profile and bioadhesive strength.
Two polymers, namely, Carbopol 934P and sodium CMC, were taken as
synergistic factors. The 3-D response surfaces and 2-D contour
plots indicated significant effect of both the polymers on ex vivo
bioadhesive strength of tablet against porcine gastric mucosa,
diffusional release exponent and drug release extension. The
optimized drug delivery formulation was selected by feasibility and
grid searches based on maximization of the response variables.
Validation of drug delivery optimization study using experimental
runs indicated high prognostic ability of the chosen experimental
design. Besides unraveling the effect of the two factors on various
response variables, the study helped in finding the "optimized"
formulation with excellent bioadhesive strength and extended
release for 24 h, holding immense promise for once-a-day
gastroretentive CR formulation and minimizing fluctuations in
plasma drug levels.
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