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Physiological or abiotic disorders are mainly caused by changing
environmental conditions such as temperature, moisture, unbalanced
soil nutrients, inadequate or excess of certain soil minerals,
extremes of soil pH and poor drainage. The distinction between
physiological or abiotic disorders from other disorders is that
they are not caused by living organisms (viruses, bacteria, fungi,
insects, etc.), but they are the result of abiotic situations
(inanimate) i.e. their agents are non-living in nature which causes
deviation from normal growth. They results in physical or chemical
changes in a plant which is far away from what is normal and is
generally caused by an external factor. Non-infectious disorders in
some cases are easy to identify, but others are difficult or even
impossible to recognize. Most of them are non reversible once they
have occurred. For the identification of physiological disorders it
is important that one must know that: a) Physiological disorders
are often caused by the deficiency or excess of something that
supports life or by the presence of something that interferes with
life. b) Physiological disorders can affect plants in all stages of
their development. c) They are non-transmissible because they occur
without or in absence of infectious agents. d) Plant reacts
differently to the same agent and sometimes response is seen as a
little reaction to death. e) Dealing with physiological disorders
often means dealing with the consequences from a past event. f)
Generally damaged and undamaged tissue is clearly demarcated. g)
Physiological disorders not only causes damage themselves but also
serve as the 'open door' (entry) for pathogens.
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