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The rise and expansion of organized scientific research has led
individuals to become accustomed to an unceasing delivery of new
scientific results and technical improvements that resolve even
seemingly unsolvable problems. This timely book examines how
science-based research and innovation is designed, implemented and
applied in developing countries in support of development and
poverty alleviation. The expert contributors trace and compare the
emergence of National Innovation Systems (NIS) in four developing
countries - Bolivia, Mozambique, Tanzania and Vietnam. Dedicated
chapters on each country identify the main structural and
organizational problems for improving the relevance and quality of
research output for the productive sector, and conclude by offering
suggestions on how the process of applying research outputs and
innovations in support of development goals can be improved.
Scholars and students of development, innovation and related
subjects will find this book to be useful with its focus on
national innovation systems. It will also be of interest to policy
advisors, decision-makers and other practitioners involved in
development issues.
This book explores how policies targeting public research
institutions, such as universities, contribute to the appropriation
of biotechnology through national innovation systems. Around the
world, biotechnology has become a driving force for dramatic change
in systems and policies intended to spur innovation. The leading
contributors expertly construct a detailed picture of policy
approaches that support biotechnology and how such approaches work
under different economic and social conditions. They also provide
an insight into the role of universities in this process.
Researchers, academics, students, policy advisors, decision makers
and other professionals involved in the fields of biotechnology,
innovation systems, higher education and development will find this
book an invaluable resource. Contributors: A. Adamsone-Fiskovica,
S.G. Antunes de Souza, I. Bortagaray, T.N. Ca, J.E. Cassiolato,
L.V. Chuong, A.M. da Graca Mondjana, B.D. Diyamett, B. Goeransson,
B. Gregersen, J. Kristapsons, R. Lindner, A. Lulle, P. Macucule,
N.P. Mai, E. Mneney, L.F. Montalvo Arriete, B.L.M. Mwamila, L.
Neves, J. Nunez Jover, C.M. Palsson, I. Perez Ones, T.T. Phuong,
M.S. Rapini, T. Reiss, C.M. Ribeiro, G. Sagieva, U. Schmoch, J.
Sutz, E. Tjunina, L. Van Chuong, H. Wang, Z. Yuan, G.F. Zucoloto
This book analyzes the current trends in the production,
dissemination, and use of knowledge which contribute to social
inequalities, especially in the Global South. The aim of the text
is to explore the possibilities of active involvement by
universities in the democratization of knowledge - a process by
which people will be able to more easily acquire and utilize
knowledge, as well as the results and benefits of research and
development. Combining higher education, research, and knowledge
utilization is what universities should be doing. When they
efficiently contribute to overcoming inequality and
underdevelopment, they may be considered developmental
universities. They should not function in solitude with privileged
elites alone, but in the context of "inclusive innovation systems."
This book examines the ways in which universities can play a
crucial role in inclusive development, social innovation and social
entrepreneurship. It aims to prove the importance of inclusive
development and inclusive innovation on economic growth and
demonstrate the ways in which universities can be pioneers in this
area through initiatives in social responsibility and social
innovation. For example, providing access to a university education
without discrimination of race, gender, income status, or other
factors would help to diminish the increasing income differentials
currently being experienced in many countries, especially in the
developing world. The research and studies included in this book
provide insight into possible actions that can be taken by
universities and public and private shareholders in inclusive
development, social innovation, social entrepreneurship and overall
regional economic and social development. Innovation is currently
considered to be the most important and dynamic factor explaining
growth and development. At the same time, the traditional view
considering innovation as having to be commercialized at any price
is being challenged. Lately, there has been growing interest in
innovation in the public sector, particularly with respect to
social innovations designed to reduce income inequality. To address
these concepts, constant exchange of ideas and information between
research groups became necessary. UniDev (Universities in
Development - the Evolving Role of Academic Institutions in
Innovation Systems and Development) is an international research
group with researchers in twelve countries interested in the role
of universities in development. This book features the results of
research performed by eleven research groups from UniDev country
communities, presenting in-depth and comparative case studies from
universities around the world, including Latin America, Northern
and Eastern Europe, and sub-Saharan Africa. This title will be of
interest to students, academics, researchers, and policy makers
interested in the role of universities in development, social
innovation and social entrepreneurship.
This book examines the ways in which universities can play a
crucial role in inclusive development, social innovation and social
entrepreneurship. It aims to prove the importance of inclusive
development and inclusive innovation on economic growth and
demonstrate the ways in which universities can be pioneers in this
area through initiatives in social responsibility and social
innovation. For example, providing access to a university education
without discrimination of race, gender, income status, or other
factors would help to diminish the increasing income differentials
currently being experienced in many countries, especially in the
developing world. The research and studies included in this book
provide insight into possible actions that can be taken by
universities and public and private shareholders in inclusive
development, social innovation, social entrepreneurship and overall
regional economic and social development. Innovation is currently
considered to be the most important and dynamic factor explaining
growth and development. At the same time, the traditional view
considering innovation as having to be commercialized at any price
is being challenged. Lately, there has been growing interest in
innovation in the public sector, particularly with respect to
social innovations designed to reduce income inequality. To address
these concepts, constant exchange of ideas and information between
research groups became necessary. UniDev (Universities in
Development - the Evolving Role of Academic Institutions in
Innovation Systems and Development) is an international research
group with researchers in twelve countries interested in the role
of universities in development. This book features the results of
research performed by eleven research groups from UniDev country
communities, presenting in-depth and comparative case studies from
universities around the world, including Latin America, Northern
and Eastern Europe, and sub-Saharan Africa. This title will be of
interest to students, academics, researchers, and policy makers
interested in the role of universities in development, social
innovation and social entrepreneurship.
Globalization, the information age, and the rise of the
knowledge-based economy are significantly transforming the way we
acquire, disseminate, and transform knowledge. And, as a result,
knowledge production is becoming closer and more directly linked to
economic competitiveness. This evolution is also putting new and
urgent demands on academic institutions to adjust to the changing
needs of society and economy. In particular, there is growing
pressure on the institutions of higher education and research in
developed economies to find and affirm their new role in the
national innovation system. Their counterparts in developing
economies need to define their role in supporting emerging
structures of the innovation system. This book examines the role of
universities and national research institutes in social and
economic development processes. Featuring contributions that
showcase initiatives and innovations from around the world,
including China, Eastern Europe, Latin America, Scandinavia,
Southeast Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and Western Europe, it offers
timely insight that will be of interest to policymakers, university
administrators, economic and social leaders, and researchers alike.
La mondialisation, l'ere de l'information et l'essor de l'economie
du savoir transforment profondement les modalites d'acquisition, de
diffusion et de transformation du savoir. Il s'ensuit que la
production du savoir a graduellement davantage a voir avec la
competitivite economique et y est plus directement liee. Ce nouvel
etat de fait signifie egalement que les universites se sentent de
plus en plus poussees a s'adapter aux besoins de la societe et de
l'economie, qui evoluent sans cesse. En particulier, des pressions
croissantes s'exercent sur les etablissements d'enseignement
superieur et de recherche des pays industrialises pour qu'ils
definissent et affirment leur nouveau role au sein du systeme
national d'innovation. Les etablissements des pays en
developpement, quant a eux, sont appeles a definir le role qu'ils
joueront afin de soutenir les structures emergentes du systeme
d'innovation. Ce livre examine le role des universites et des
instituts de recherche nationaux dans le developpement economique
et social. En reunissant des textes rendant compte d'initiatives et
d'innovations dans diverses regions du monde, notamment en Chine,
en Europe de l'Est, en Amerique latine, en Scandinavie, en Asie du
Sud-Est, en Afrique subsaharienne et en Europe de l'Ouest,
l'ouvrage brosse un tableau qui est d'actualite et qui interessera
tant les responsables des politiques et les administrateurs
d'universites que les leaders economiques et sociaux et les
chercheurs. Bo Goeransson et Claes Brundenius sont tous deux
affilies au Research Policy Institute de l'Universite de Lund, en
Suede. M. Goeransson est professeur agrege et coordonnateur du
programme LEAP4D, et M. Brundenius est professeur honoraire.
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