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As wearable microelectronics are becoming ubiquitous, there is a
growing interest in replacing batteries with a means of harnessing
power from the user's environment via embedded systems. Efforts
have been made to prolong the harvester's operational lifetime,
overcoming energy dissipation, lowering resonant frequency,
attaining multi-resonant states, and widening the operating
frequency bandwidth of the biomechanical energy harvesters. Such
technological advances mean harvesting energy is a viable solution
for sustainably powering wearable electronics for health and
wellbeing applications, such as continuous medical health
monitoring, remote sensing, and motion tracking. The book
introduces the concepts of vibration-based piezoelectric,
electromagnetic and hybrid energy harvesters, and addresses their
modelling, fabrication and characterization. It covers the
fundamental principles and details the most advanced functions,
including biomechanical and space applications. Detailed
descriptions and explanations of a wide range of related concepts
are provided, such as multi-degrees of freedom hybrid
piezo-electromagnetic insole energy harvesters, non-linear 3D
printed electromagnetic vibration energy harvesters, and finite
element analysis of hybrid piezoelectric and electromagnetic energy
harvesting. Also included are trends towards design, modelling,
fabrication, and characterization of nonlinear multimodal
electromagnetic and hybrid piezo-electromagnetic insole energy
harvesters, as well as describing and explaining electromagnetic
and hybrid piezo-electromagnetic energy harvesting technologies.
The book provides an extensive and up-dated survey of the published
scientific and technical articles and conference reports, covering
more than 340 references. The book concludes with an outlook from
the authors on likely future developments and applications. Energy
Harvesting for Wireless Sensing and Flexible Electronics through
Hybrid Technologies provides in-depth coverage of the topic for
researchers from academia and industry, as well as advanced
students with an interest in the field.
The need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and dependency on
fossil fuels necessitates accelerated deployment of renewable
energy, such as photovoltaics (PV). Regions with high insolation in
the "Sun Belt" covering north Africa and the middle east, as well
as in Australia, parts of Latin America, and elsewhere offer
tremendous potential for PV, including for green hydrogen
production. However, these regions are characterized by a hot
climate and a dusty environment, both causing reduction of PV panel
performance by 25% or more. The development of solar cells with
enhanced resistance to thermal degradation and the reduction of
panel soiling have therefore been subjects of intense study. Key
developments include optimisation of the temperature coefficient of
heterojunction solar cells, developing cells of higher open circuit
voltage that are expected to show lower reduction of the panel
efficiency at high temperatures, and analysis of soiling effects
for better predictability and countermeasures. Based in part on
research undertaken at Qatar Environment and Energy Research
Institute (QEERI), and with contributions from chapter authors from
a range of international institutions, this book addresses recent
trends and developments in its field. Chapters revise solar energy
resources and PV principles and thermodynamics, solar cell and
module technology, bifacial solar cells, and soiling. A case study
from Australia is followed by conclusions and future outlooks.
Photovoltaic Technology for Hot and Arid Environments covers
developments in the field for researchers and experts in industry
and academia, and advanced students with an interest in the topic.
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