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In The Black Republic, Brandon R. Byrd explores the ambivalent
attitudes that African American leaders in the post-Civil War era
held toward Haiti, the first and only black republic in the Western
Hemisphere. Following emancipation, African American leaders of all
kinds-politicians, journalists, ministers, writers, educators,
artists, and diplomats-identified new and urgent connections with
Haiti, a nation long understood as an example of black
self-determination. They celebrated not only its diplomatic
recognition by the United States but also the renewed relevance of
the Haitian Revolution. While a number of African American leaders
defended the sovereignty of a black republic whose fate they saw as
intertwined with their own, others expressed concern over Haiti's
fitness as a model black republic, scrutinizing whether the nation
truly reflected the "civilized" progress of the black race.
Influenced by the imperialist rhetoric of their day, many African
Americans across the political spectrum espoused a politics of
racial uplift, taking responsibility for the "improvement" of
Haitian education, politics, culture, and society. They considered
Haiti an uncertain experiment in black self-governance: it might
succeed and vindicate the capabilities of African Americans
demanding their own right to self-determination or it might fail
and condemn the black diasporic population to second-class status
for the foreseeable future. When the United States military
occupied Haiti in 1915, it created a crisis for W. E. B. Du Bois
and other black activists and intellectuals who had long grappled
with the meaning of Haitian independence. The resulting demand for
and idea of a liberated Haiti became a cornerstone of the
anticapitalist, anticolonial, and antiracist radical black
internationalism that flourished between World War I and World War
II. Spanning the Reconstruction, post-Reconstruction, and Jim Crow
eras, The Black Republic recovers a crucial and overlooked chapter
of African American internationalism and political thought.
The world-historical significance of the Haitian Revolution is now
firmly established in mainstream history. Yet Haiti’s
nineteenth-century has yet to receive its due, this despite
independent Haiti’s vital importance as the first nation to
permanently ban slavery and its ongoing struggle for sovereignty in
the Atlantic World. Louis-Joseph Janvier (1855–1911) is one of
the foremost Haitian intellectuals and diplomats of the
late-nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. His prolific oeuvre
offered enduring challenges to racist slanders of Haiti and
critiques of the global inequalities that arose from European
colonialism and the Transatlantic Slave Trade. Through his
writings, Janvier influenced the international debates about
slavery, race, nation, and empire that shaped his era and, in many
ways, remain unresolved today. Arguably his most powerful work,
Haiti for the Haitians (1884) provides a searing critique of
European and U.S. imperialism, predatory finance capitalism, and
Haiti’s domestic politics. It offers his vision of Haiti’s
future expressed through a remarkable phrase: Haiti for the
Haitians. Haiti for the Haitians is the first major English
translation of Janvier. Accompanied by an introduction,
annotations, and an interdisciplinary collection of critical
essays, this volume offers unprecedented access to this vital
Haitian thinker and an important contribution to the scholarship on
Haiti’s nineteenth century.
This transformative collection advances new approaches to Black
intellectual history by foregrounding the experiences and ideas of
people who lacked access to more privileged mechanisms of public
discourse and power. While the anthology highlights renowned
intellectuals such as W. E. B. Du Bois, it also spotlights thinkers
such as enslaved people in the antebellum United States, US Black
expatriates in Guyana, and Black internationals in Liberia. The
knowledge production of these men, women, and children has
typically been situated outside the disciplinary and conceptual
boundaries of intellectual history. The volume centers on the
themes of slavery and sexuality; abolitionism; Black
internationalism; Black protest, politics, and power; and the
intersections of the digital humanities and Black intellectual
history. The essays draw from diverse methodologies and fields to
examine the ideas and actions of Black thinkers from the eighteenth
century to the present, offering fresh insights while creating
space for even more creative approaches within the field. Timely
and incisive, Ideas in Unexpected Places encourages scholars to ask
new questions through innovative interpretive lenses-and invites
students, scholars, and other practitioners to push the boundaries
of Black intellectual history even further.
In The Black Republic, Brandon R. Byrd explores the ambivalent
attitudes that African American leaders in the post-Civil War era
held toward Haiti, the first and only black republic in the Western
Hemisphere. Following emancipation, African American leaders of all
kinds-politicians, journalists, ministers, writers, educators,
artists, and diplomats-identified new and urgent connections with
Haiti, a nation long understood as an example of black
self-determination. They celebrated not only its diplomatic
recognition by the United States but also the renewed relevance of
the Haitian Revolution. While a number of African American leaders
defended the sovereignty of a black republic whose fate they saw as
intertwined with their own, others expressed concern over Haiti's
fitness as a model black republic, scrutinizing whether the nation
truly reflected the "civilized" progress of the black race.
Influenced by the imperialist rhetoric of their day, many African
Americans across the political spectrum espoused a politics of
racial uplift, taking responsibility for the "improvement" of
Haitian education, politics, culture, and society. They considered
Haiti an uncertain experiment in black self-governance: it might
succeed and vindicate the capabilities of African Americans
demanding their own right to self-determination or it might fail
and condemn the black diasporic population to second-class status
for the foreseeable future. When the United States military
occupied Haiti in 1915, it created a crisis for W. E. B. Du Bois
and other black activists and intellectuals who had long grappled
with the meaning of Haitian independence. The resulting demand for
and idea of a liberated Haiti became a cornerstone of the
anticapitalist, anticolonial, and antiracist radical black
internationalism that flourished between World War I and World War
II. Spanning the Reconstruction, post-Reconstruction, and Jim Crow
eras, The Black Republic recovers a crucial and overlooked chapter
of African American internationalism and political thought.
In Search of Liberty explores how African Americans, since the
founding of the United States, have understood their struggles for
freedom as part of the larger Atlantic world. The essays in this
volume capture the pursuits of equality and justice by African
Americans across the Atlantic World through the end of the
nineteenth century, as their fights for emancipation and
enfranchisement in the United States continued. This book
illuminates stories of individual Black people striving to escape
slavery in places like Nova Scotia, Louisiana, and Mexico and
connects their eff orts to emigration movements from the United
States to Africa and the Caribbean, as well as to Black
abolitionist campaigns in Europe. By placing these diverse stories
in conversation, editors Ronald Angelo Johnson and Ousmane K.
Power-Greene have curated a larger story that is only beginning to
be told. By focusing on Black internationalism in the eighteenth
and nineteenth centuries, In Search of Liberty reveals that Black
freedom struggles in the United States were rooted in transnational
networks much earlier than the better-known movements of the
twentieth century.
In Search of Liberty explores how African Americans, since the
founding of the United States, have understood their struggles for
freedom as part of the larger Atlantic world. The essays in this
volume capture the pursuits of equality and justice by African
Americans across the Atlantic World through the end of the
nineteenth century, as their fights for emancipation and
enfranchisement in the United States continued. This book
illuminates stories of individual Black people striving to escape
slavery in places like Nova Scotia, Louisiana, and Mexico and
connects their eff orts to emigration movements from the United
States to Africa and the Caribbean, as well as to Black
abolitionist campaigns in Europe. By placing these diverse stories
in conversation, editors Ronald Angelo Johnson and Ousmane K.
Power-Greene have curated a larger story that is only beginning to
be told. By focusing on Black internationalism in the eighteenth
and nineteenth centuries, In Search of Liberty reveals that Black
freedom struggles in the United States were rooted in transnational
networks much earlier than the better-known movements of the
twentieth century.
Black women undertook an energetic and unprecedented engagement
with internationalism from the late nineteenth century to the
1970s. In many cases, their work reflected a complex effort to
merge internationalism with issues of women's rights and with
feminist concerns. To Turn the Whole World Over examines these and
other issues with a collection of cutting-edge essays on black
women's internationalism in this pivotal era and beyond. Analyzing
the contours of gender within black internationalism, scholars
examine the range and complexity of black women's global
engagements. At the same time, they focus on these women's
remarkable experiences in shaping internationalist movements and
dialogues. The essays explore the travels and migrations of black
women; the internationalist writings of women from Paris to Chicago
to Spain; black women advocating for internationalism through art
and performance; and the involvement of black women in politics,
activism, and global freedom struggles. Contributors: Nicole Anae,
Keisha N. Blain, Brandon R. Byrd, Stephanie Beck Cohen, Anne
Donlon, Tiffany N. Florvil, Kim Gallon, Dayo F. Gore, Annette K.
Joseph-Gabriel, Grace V. Leslie, Michael O. West, and Julia Erin
Wood
Black women undertook an energetic and unprecedented engagement
with internationalism from the late nineteenth century to the
1970s. In many cases, their work reflected a complex effort to
merge internationalism with issues of women's rights and with
feminist concerns. To Turn the Whole World Over examines these and
other issues with a collection of cutting-edge essays on black
women's internationalism in this pivotal era and beyond. Analyzing
the contours of gender within black internationalism, scholars
examine the range and complexity of black women's global
engagements. At the same time, they focus on these women's
remarkable experiences in shaping internationalist movements and
dialogues. The essays explore the travels and migrations of black
women; the internationalist writings of women from Paris to Chicago
to Spain; black women advocating for internationalism through art
and performance; and the involvement of black women in politics,
activism, and global freedom struggles. Contributors: Nicole Anae,
Keisha N. Blain, Brandon R. Byrd, Stephanie Beck Cohen, Anne
Donlon, Tiffany N. Florvil, Kim Gallon, Dayo F. Gore, Annette K.
Joseph-Gabriel, Grace V. Leslie, Michael O. West, and Julia Erin
Wood
Throughout Haitian history-from 17th century colonial
Saint-Domingue to 21st century postcolonial Haiti-arguably, the
Afro-Haitian religion of Vodou has been represented as an
"unsettling faith" and a "cultural paradox," as expressed in
various forms and modes of Haitian thought and life including
literature, history, law, politics, painting, music, and art.
Competing voices and conflicting ideas of Vodou have emerged from
each of these cultural symbols and intellectual expressions. The
Vodouist discourse has not only pervaded every aspect of the
Haitian life and experience, it has defined the Haitian cosmology
and worldview. Further, the Vodou faith has had a momentous impact
on the evolution of Haitian intellectual, aesthetic, and literary
imagination; comparatively, Vodou has shaped Haitian social ethics,
sexual and gender identity, and theological discourse such as in
the intellectual works and poetic imagination of Jean Price-Mars,
Dantes Bellegarde, Jacques Roumain, Jacques Stephen Alexis, etc.
Similarly, Vodou has shaped the discourse on the intersections of
memory, trauma, history, collective redemption, and Haitian
diasporic identity in Haitian women's writings such as in the
fiction of Edwidge Danticat, Myriam Chancy, etc. The chapters in
this collection tell a story about the dynamics of the Vodou faith
and the rich ways Vodou has molded the Haitian narrative and
psyche. The contributors of this book examine this constructed
narrative from a multicultural voice that engages critically the
discipline of ethnomusicology, drama, performance, art,
anthropology, ethnography, economics, literature, intellectual
history, philosophy, psychology, sociology, religion, and theology.
Vodou is also studied from multiple theoretical approaches
including queer, feminist theory, critical race theory, Marxism,
postcolonial criticism, postmodernism, and psychoanalysis.
From well-known intellectuals such as Frederick Douglass and Nella
Larsen to often-obscured thinkers such as Amina Baraka and Bernardo
Ruiz Suarez, black theorists across the globe have engaged in
sustained efforts to create insurgent and resilient forms of
thought. New Perspectives on the Black Intellectual Tradition is a
collection of twelve essays that explores these and other theorists
and their contributions to diverse strains of political, social,
and cultural thought. The book examines four central themes within
the black intellectual tradition: black internationalism, religion
and spirituality, racial politics and struggles for social justice,
and black radicalism. The essays identify the emergence of black
thought within multiple communities internationally, analyze how
black thinkers shaped and were shaped by the historical moment in
which they lived, interrogate the ways in which activists and
intellectuals connected their theoretical frameworks across time
and space, and assess how these strains of thought bolstered black
consciousness and resistance worldwide. Defying traditional
temporal and geographical boundaries, New Perspectives on the Black
Intellectual Tradition illuminates the origins of and conduits for
black ideas, redefines the relationship between black thought and
social action, and challenges long-held assumptions about black
perspectives on religion, race, and radicalism. The intellectuals
profiled in the volume reshape and redefine the contours and
boundaries of black thought, further illuminating the depth and
diversity of the black intellectual tradition.
From well-known intellectuals such as Frederick Douglass and Nella
Larsen to often-obscured thinkers such as Amina Baraka and Bernardo
Ruiz Suarez, black theorists across the globe have engaged in
sustained efforts to create insurgent and resilient forms of
thought. New Perspectives on the Black Intellectual Tradition is a
collection of twelve essays that explores these and other theorists
and their contributions to diverse strains of political, social,
and cultural thought. The book examines four central themes within
the black intellectual tradition: black internationalism, religion
and spirituality, racial politics and struggles for social justice,
and black radicalism. The essays identify the emergence of black
thought within multiple communities internationally, analyze how
black thinkers shaped and were shaped by the historical moment in
which they lived, interrogate the ways in which activists and
intellectuals connected their theoretical frameworks across time
and space, and assess how these strains of thought bolstered black
consciousness and resistance worldwide. Defying traditional
temporal and geographical boundaries, New Perspectives on the Black
Intellectual Tradition illuminates the origins of and conduits for
black ideas, redefines the relationship between black thought and
social action, and challenges long-held assumptions about black
perspectives on religion, race, and radicalism. The intellectuals
profiled in the volume reshape and redefine the contours and
boundaries of black thought, further illuminating the depth and
diversity of the black intellectual tradition.
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