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Enlisting a natural experiment, global surveys, and historical
data, this book examines the university's evolution and its
contemporary impact. Its authors conduct an unprecedented big-data
comparative study of the consequences of higher education on
ideology, democratic citizenship, and more. They conclude that
university education has a profound effect on social and political
attitudes across the world, greater than that registered by social
class, gender, or age. A university education enhances political
trust and participation, reduces propensities to crime and
corruption, and builds support for democracy. It generates more
tolerant attitudes toward social deviance, enhances respect for
rationalist inquiry and scientific authority, and usually
encourages support for Leftist parties and movements. It does not
nurture support for taxation, redistribution, or the welfare state,
and may stimulate opposition to these policies. These effects are
summarized by the co-authors as liberal, understood in its classic,
nineteenth-century meaning.
Enlisting a natural experiment, global surveys, and historical
data, this book examines the university's evolution and its
contemporary impact. Its authors conduct an unprecedented big-data
comparative study of the consequences of higher education on
ideology, democratic citizenship, and more. They conclude that
university education has a profound effect on social and political
attitudes across the world, greater than that registered by social
class, gender, or age. A university education enhances political
trust and participation, reduces propensities to crime and
corruption, and builds support for democracy. It generates more
tolerant attitudes toward social deviance, enhances respect for
rationalist inquiry and scientific authority, and usually
encourages support for Leftist parties and movements. It does not
nurture support for taxation, redistribution, or the welfare state,
and may stimulate opposition to these policies. These effects are
summarized by the co-authors as liberal, understood in its classic,
nineteenth-century meaning.
This book explores the deep roots of modern democracy, focusing on
geography and long-term patterns of global diffusion. Its
geographic argument centers on access to the sea, afforded by
natural harbors which enhance the mobility of people, goods,
capital, and ideas. The extraordinary connectivity of harbor
regions thereby affected economic development, the structure of the
military, statebuilding, and openness to the world - and, through
these pathways, the development of representative democracy. The
authors' second argument focuses on the global diffusion of
representative democracy. Beginning around 1500, Europeans started
to populate distant places abroad. Where Europeans were numerous
they established some form of representative democracy, often with
restrictions limiting suffrage to those of European heritage. Where
they were in the minority, Europeans were more reticent about
popular rule and often actively resisted democratization. Where
Europeans were entirely absent, the concept of representative
democracy was unfamiliar and its practice undeveloped.
This book explores the deep roots of modern democracy, focusing on
geography and long-term patterns of global diffusion. Its
geographic argument centers on access to the sea, afforded by
natural harbors which enhance the mobility of people, goods,
capital, and ideas. The extraordinary connectivity of harbor
regions thereby affected economic development, the structure of the
military, statebuilding, and openness to the world - and, through
these pathways, the development of representative democracy. The
authors' second argument focuses on the global diffusion of
representative democracy. Beginning around 1500, Europeans started
to populate distant places abroad. Where Europeans were numerous
they established some form of representative democracy, often with
restrictions limiting suffrage to those of European heritage. Where
they were in the minority, Europeans were more reticent about
popular rule and often actively resisted democratization. Where
Europeans were entirely absent, the concept of representative
democracy was unfamiliar and its practice undeveloped.
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