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This book applies a range of ideas about scientific discovery found
in contemporary philosophy of science to psychology and related
behavioral sciences. In doing so, it aims to advance our
understanding of a host of important methodological ideas as they
apply to those sciences. A philosophy of local scientific realism
is adopted in favor of traditional accounts that are thought to
apply to all sciences. As part of this philosophy, the implications
of a commitment to philosophical naturalism are spelt out, and a
correspondence theory of truth is defended by showing how it helps
explain various features of scientific practice. The central
chapter of the book presents a broad theory of scientific method
that comprises the detection of empirical phenomena and their
subsequent understanding by constructing explanatory theories
through the use of abductive methods. This theory of scientific
method is then used as a framework to reconstruct the well-known
qualitative method of grounded theory, and to present a systematic
perspective on clinical reasoning and case formulation. Relatedly,
an abductive or explanationist understanding of methods is employed
to evaluate the knowledge credentials of evolutionary psychology.
In addition, the conceptual and methodological foundations of a
variety of quantitative methods are examined. Exploratory factor
analysis and tests of statistical significance are given special
attention.
This book applies a range of ideas about scientific discovery found
in contemporary philosophy of science to psychology and related
behavioral sciences. In doing so, it aims to advance our
understanding of a host of important methodological ideas as they
apply to those sciences. A philosophy of local scientific realism
is adopted in favor of traditional accounts that are thought to
apply to all sciences. As part of this philosophy, the implications
of a commitment to philosophical naturalism are spelt out, and a
correspondence theory of truth is defended by showing how it helps
explain various features of scientific practice. The central
chapter of the book presents a broad theory of scientific method
that comprises the detection of empirical phenomena and their
subsequent understanding by constructing explanatory theories
through the use of abductive methods. This theory of scientific
method is then used as a framework to reconstruct the well-known
qualitative method of grounded theory, and to present a systematic
perspective on clinical reasoning and case formulation. Relatedly,
an abductive or explanationist understanding of methods is employed
to evaluate the knowledge credentials of evolutionary psychology.
In addition, the conceptual and methodological foundations of a
variety of quantitative methods are examined. Exploratory factor
analysis and tests of statistical significance are given special
attention.
The Philosophy of Quantitative Methods focuses on the conceptual
foundations of research methods within the behavioral sciences. In
particular, it undertakes a close philosophical examination of a
variety of quantitative research methods that are prominent in (or
relevant for) the conduct of research in these fields. By doing so,
the deep structure of these methods is examined in order to
overcome the non-critical approaches typically found in the
existing literature today. In this book, Brian D. Haig focuses on
the more well-known research methods such as exploratory data
analysis, statistical significant testing, Bayesian confirmation
theory and statistics, meta-analysis, and exploratory factor
analysis. These methods are then examined with a philosophy
consistent of scientific realism. In addition, each chapter
provides a helpful Further Reading section in order to better
assist the reader in extending their own thinking and research
methods specific to their needs.
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