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Brian Hedden defends a radical view about the relationship between
rationality, personal identity, and time. On the standard view,
personal identity over time plays a central role in thinking about
rationality. This is because, on the standard view, there are
rational norms for how a person's attitudes and actions at one time
should fit with her attitudes and actions at other times, norms
that apply within a person but not across persons. But these norms
are problematic. They make what you rationally ought to believe or
do depend on facts about your past that aren't part of your current
perspective on the world, and they make rationality depend on
controversial, murky metaphysical facts about what binds different
instantaneous snapshots (or 'time-slices') into a single person
extended in time. Hedden takes a different approach, treating the
relationship between different time-slices of the same person as no
different from the relationship between different people. For
purposes of rational evaluation, a temporally extended person is
akin to a group of people. The locus of rationality is the
time-slice rather than the temporally extended agent. Taking an
impersonal, time-slice-centric approach to rationality yields a
unified approach to the rationality of beliefs, preferences, and
actions where what rationality demands of you is solely determined
by your evidence, with no special weight given to your past beliefs
or actions.
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