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The ways in which rapid urbanization of the Global South are
transforming food systems and food supply chains, and the food
security of urban populations is an often neglected topic. This
international group of authors addresses this profound
transformation from a variety of different perspectives and
disciplinary lenses, providing an important corrective to the
dominant view that food insecurity is a rural problem requiring
increases in agricultural production. Starting from the premise
that food security in urban areas is primarily a challenge of food
access, the chapters explore the various economic, social, and
governance policies and structures that constrain and inhibit the
access of all to food of sufficient quantity and quality. As the
Global South continues to urbanize, the challenge of feeding hungry
cities will become even more daunting, and this Handbook explains
why the existing food system, although undergoing rapid change, is
inadequate for this task and cannot meet the challenge without
substantial reform. The Handbook as a whole, and the individual
chapters, provide comprehensive overviews of relevant themes mixed
with empirical, real-world examples for university readership
teaching and taking courses on food systems, migration and
urbanization, urban policy and planning, geography, agricultural
economics, public health, and international development. It will
also introduce practitioners to current debates in the field and
provide strong support for the renewed, and growing, focus on the
food security of urban populations. The Handbook's comprehensive
overviews of relevant themes mixed with empirical, real-world
examples are ideal for university readership. It will also
introduce practitioners to current debates in the field and provide
strong support for the renewed, and growing, focus on the food
security of urban populations.
Urban population growth is extremely rapid across Africa and this
book places urban food and nutrition security firmly on the
development and policy agenda. It shows that current efforts to
address food poverty in Africa that focus entirely on small-scale
farmers, to the exclusion of broader socio-economic and
infrastructural approaches, are misplaced and will remain largely
ineffective in ameliorating food and nutrition insecurity for the
majority of Africans. Using original data from the African Food
Security Urban Network's (AFSUN) extensive database it is
demonstrated that the primary food security challenge for urban
households is access to food. Already linked into global food
systems and value chains, Africa's supply of food is not
necessarily in jeopardy. Rather, the widespread poverty and
informal urban fabric that characterizes Africa's emerging cities
impinge directly on households' capacity to access food that is
readily available. Through the analysis of empirical data collected
from 6,500 households in eleven cities in nine countries in
Southern Africa, the authors identify the complexity of factors and
dynamics that create the circumstances of widespread food and
nutrition insecurity under which urban citizens live. They also
provide useful policy approaches to address these conditions that
currently thwart the latent development potential of Africa's
expanding urban population.
There is overwhelming evidence that the climate is changing. It is
the poorest countries and people who are the most vulnerable to
this threat and who will suffer the most. This book shows how
increasing urbanization and growing poverty levels mean that it is
imperative to ask how climate change might impact on asset
accumulation and food security for the urban poor. It demonstrates
how these three, often separate foci, can be brought together to
frame a holistic urban adaptation approach. Furthermore, although
much has been written about climate change, limited evidence exists
in southern Africa of how climate change has been integrated in
urban planning. The authors explore the urban climate change nexus
linking asset adaptation, climate change science and food security
through several case study cities. These include Cape Town, George
and Khara Hais (South Africa), Lusaka (Zambia), Maputo
(Mozambique), Mombasa (Kenya) and Harare (Zimbabwe). The results
shed light on how this nexus might be explored from different
perspectives, both theoretical and practical, in order to plan for
a more resilient future. Climate Change, Assets and Food Security
in Southern African Cities comprises ten chapters which focus on
southern African cities, with each chapter written by highly
experienced academics, research-focused practitioners and
professional planners. Although the book concentrates on southern
African cities, the insights which are presented can be used to
understand other urban centres in low and middle-income countries
outside of this region and around the world.
Urban population growth is extremely rapid across Africa and this
book places urban food and nutrition security firmly on the
development and policy agenda. It shows that current efforts to
address food poverty in Africa that focus entirely on small-scale
farmers, to the exclusion of broader socio-economic and
infrastructural approaches, are misplaced and will remain largely
ineffective in ameliorating food and nutrition insecurity for the
majority of Africans. Using original data from the African Food
Security Urban Network's (AFSUN) extensive database it is
demonstrated that the primary food security challenge for urban
households is access to food. Already linked into global food
systems and value chains, Africa's supply of food is not
necessarily in jeopardy. Rather, the widespread poverty and
informal urban fabric that characterizes Africa's emerging cities
impinge directly on households' capacity to access food that is
readily available. Through the analysis of empirical data collected
from 6,500 households in eleven cities in nine countries in
Southern Africa, the authors identify the complexity of factors and
dynamics that create the circumstances of widespread food and
nutrition insecurity under which urban citizens live. They also
provide useful policy approaches to address these conditions that
currently thwart the latent development potential of Africa's
expanding urban population.
There is overwhelming evidence that the climate is changing. It is
the poorest countries and people who are the most vulnerable to
this threat and who will suffer the most. This book shows how
increasing urbanization and growing poverty levels mean that it is
imperative to ask how climate change might impact on asset
accumulation and food security for the urban poor. It demonstrates
how these three, often separate foci, can be brought together to
frame a holistic urban adaptation approach. Furthermore, although
much has been written about climate change, limited evidence exists
in southern Africa of how climate change has been integrated in
urban planning. The authors explore the urban climate change nexus
linking asset adaptation, climate change science and food security
through several case study cities. These include Cape Town, George
and Khara Hais (South Africa), Lusaka (Zambia), Maputo
(Mozambique), Mombasa (Kenya) and Harare (Zimbabwe). The results
shed light on how this nexus might be explored from different
perspectives, both theoretical and practical, in order to plan for
a more resilient future. Climate Change, Assets and Food Security
in Southern African Cities comprises ten chapters which focus on
southern African cities, with each chapter written by highly
experienced academics, research-focused practitioners and
professional planners. Although the book concentrates on southern
African cities, the insights which are presented can be used to
understand other urban centres in low and middle-income countries
outside of this region and around the world.
Since the collapse of apartheid, there have been major increases in
migration flows within, to and from the Southern African region.
Cross-border movements are at an all-time high across the region
and internal migration is at record levels. The implications of
greater mobility for areas of origin and destination have not been
systematically explored. Migration is most often seen as a negative
phenomenon, a result of increased poverty and the failure of
development. More recently, the positive relationship between
migration and development has been emphasised by agencies such as
the Global Commission on International Migration, the Global Forum
on Migration and Development, the United Nations Development
Programme and the African Union. The chapters in this publication
are all based on primary research and examine various facets of the
relationship between migration, poverty and development, including
issues that are often ignored in the migration-development debate
like migration and food security and migration and vulnerability to
HIV. The book argues that the development and poverty reduction
potential of migration is being hindered by national policies that
fail to recognise and build on the positive aspects and potential
of migration. As a result, as these studies show, migrants are
often pushed to the margins where they are forced to "survive on
the move." Their treatment violates labour laws and basic human
rights and compromises the potential of migration as a means to
create sustainable livelihoods, reduce poverty and food insecurity,
mitigate the brain drain and promote the productive use of
remittances. This book shows that migrant lives and livelihoods
should be at the centre of international and African debates about
migration, poverty and development.
The Southern African Migration Project is a collaborative project
and this paper is published jointly by IDASA in Cape Town and
Queen's University, Canada. It seeks to establish a background for
understanding the complex and dynamic linkages between
urbanisation, migration, HIV/Aids and urban food security in
Southern and Eastern Africa. It documents the key dimensions of the
connections. The linkages between HIV/Aids and urban food security
are particularly less well-established, and in documenting them
here, the authors simultaneously link them with migration, the
first to examine these dynamics at a regional level. Jonathan Crush
is the Director of the Southern African Migration Project, the
Director of the Southern African Research Centre at Queen's
University, Canada, and an Honorary Professor at the University of
Cape Town. Miriam Grant is a Professor at the University of
Calgary. Bruce Frayne is a Research Fellow with the International
Food Policy Research Institute, and Coordinator of the Regional
Network on Aids, Livelihoods and Food Security.
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