This two-volume set LNCS 11625 and 11626 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, AIED 2019, held in Chicago, IL, USA, in June 2019. The 45 full papers presented together with 41 short, 10 doctoral consortium, 6 industry, and 10 workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 177 submissions. AIED 2019 solicits empirical and theoretical papers particularly in the following lines of research and application: Intelligent and interactive technologies in an educational context; Modelling and representation; Models of teaching and learning; Learning contexts and informal learning; Evaluation; Innovative applications; Intelligent techniques to support disadvantaged schools and students, inequity and inequality in education.

This two-volume set LNCS 11625 and 11626 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, AIED 2019, held in Chicago, IL, USA, in June 2019. The 45 full papers presented together with 41 short, 10 doctoral consortium, 6 industry, and 10 workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 177 submissions. AIED 2019 solicits empirical and theoretical papers particularly in the following lines of research and application: Intelligent and interactive technologies in an educational context; Modelling and representation; Models of teaching and learning; Learning contexts and informal learning; Evaluation; Innovative applications; Intelligent techniques to support disadvantaged schools and students, inequity and inequality in education.

Samuel Bruce McLaren (1876-1916) was an Australian mathematician and mathematical physicist, and joint winner of the Adams Prize in 1913. Originally published in 1925, this book presents a description of the main aspects of McLaren's Adams Prize-winning essay, together with other accounts of papers and a selection of reprinted papers where necessary. The text was compiled posthumously following McLaren's early death during the Battle of the Somme. An obituary notice and a biographical appreciation of McLaren are also included. This book will be of value to anyone with an interest in mathematics, physics and the history of science.

Three years of war. One hundred-fifty thousand dead. One million refugees. No end in sight. This is the grim reality of the conflict in Syria, one of the great tragedies of the modern era. Yet many people remain confused as to what the fighting is all about. The Plain Of Dead Cities makes sense of this complex scenario, by delving deep into the wells of Syrian history and examining the vital role that Syria has played in human development over the past 5000 years. Using a unique approach "The Plain of Dead Cities" takes the reader of a virtual tour of Syria. The narrator carries you across the country, through the history books and archaeological sites, revealing the political, religious, social, geographical and historical complexities that have led to the current military conflagration. The Plain Of Dead Cities is as unconventional as the land it describes, part non-fictional memoir and part fiction. "The Plain of Dead Cities" is an adventure and a tale, but above all is a tribute to Syria, that most mystical of lands.

This two volume set LNAI 10947 and LNAI 10948 constitutes the proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, AIED 2018, held in London, UK, in June 2018.The 45 full papers presented in this book together with 76 poster papers, 11 young researchers tracks, 14 industry papers and 10 workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 192 submissions. The conference provides opportunities for the cross-fertilization of approaches, techniques and ideas from the many fields that comprise AIED, including computer science, cognitive and learning sciences, education, game design, psychology, sociology, linguistics as well as many domain-specific areas.

This two volume set LNAI 10947 and LNAI 10948 constitutes the proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education, AIED 2018, held in London, UK, in June 2018.The 45 full papers presented in this book together with 76 poster papers, 11 young researchers tracks, 14 industry papers and 10 workshop papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 192 submissions. The conference provides opportunities for the cross-fertilization of approaches, techniques and ideas from the many fields that comprise AIED, including computer science, cognitive and learning sciences, education, game design, psychology, sociology, linguistics as well as many domain-specific areas.

'Herakles - A Fable' is a masterful modern rendering of the timeless epic from classical Greek mythology. In the Greek myth, Herakles was a son of Zeus and the epitome of masculinity. In a fit of madness, Herakles murders his own children. To atone for this heinous act Herakles is set twelve tasks by his arch-nemesis, Eurystheus. Upon completing his tasks Herakles is granted immortality. In this contemporary fable, an old man is spending his final days beneath an oak tree in the garden of a nursing home. Presumed to be incapacitated and mute, the old man in fact possesses the unique ability to communicate with all elements of nature, including the sun and the moon, the birds and the bees, and the squirrels that climb in the trees. One day, the sun informs the old man that he is the only 'great man' on earth. A passing wasp overhears the conversation. Angered by this claim, the wasp demands proof of his alleged 'greatness' of the old man. Proof must be provided in the form of a story, to be told by the old man on a subject of the wasp's choosing. If the wasp is dissatisfied then it will sting the frail old man, ensuring his certain demise. The story told by the old man is enigmatic, and infuriates, yet also intrigues the wasp, leaving it wanting to know more. A second story is demanded, then a third, until, just like Herakles, twelve tasks must be completed. The stories related by the old man tell the tale of F, a young boy living in a remote valley in the Australian bush. F is acutely attuned to the natural world around him. As F grows older he is increasingly affected by the works of men, and leaves the valley on a journey in search of truth. His search takes him on an adventure around the world, through Greece and Spain, Egypt and Israel, Jordan and Uzbekistan. 'Herakles - A Fable', is both a wondrous tale of magic and mystery, yet also a work of deep philosophical reflection. Central tenets of the philosophy of the Stoics and Nietzsche are subtly espoused, including the interconnectedness of all life, the idea of eternal recurrence, and the need to embrace 'the all' in life, both the good and the bad, if man is ever going to rise high and live as a god. The role of religion in the context of human development is openly confronted, while the value of science as born from Socratic logic, and the problems resulting from the transition from a nomadic to a sedentary existence, are both seriously assessed. Yet the central message born from the fable is the affirmation of life, this life, and the need to embrace every moment of existence as a gift of sparkling magic to be reveled in. Although 'Herakles' is a work of philosophy, it is essentially a beautiful fable and a book of mysteries, written to be enjoyed by both young and old. Gems lay hidden throughout the tale, waiting to be discovered by the astute reader, while important philosophical ideas run like underground currents of cool water, occasionally emerging in tranquil springs to provide the reader with refreshment to parch the thirst for intellectual truth. 'Herakles - A Fable', is a book that stands outside of time, and certainly outside of our modern era, for it dares to question the values endemic in this world. Because of this, Herakles will stand the test of time, and generations of readers given to profound reflection will be rewarded by comprehending 'the mystery that lies within'.

Based on the author's dissertation, this volume presents a comparative study of military architecture in the Levant focusing in particular on evidence from the sites of Pella and Rukeis. The main part of the investigation presents evidence from the two Middle Bronze Age sites which are then compared in terms of their defensive architectural features such as walls, buttresses, towers, gates and ramparts. With monumental fortification systems forming a major feature of early urban development in the Levant, McLaren goes on to explore the question of standardisation in these systems, especially in planning and construction, as well as shared knowledge and continuity from the early Bronze Age. The extent to which these military features represented regionalism versus local traditions, and the movement of people, ideas and trends in urbanism, is also discussed.