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'Mansoulie here demonstrates his talent for communicating physics
to non-scientists, his target audience for this brief, readable,
volume.'CHOICEThe book comprises 15 short chapters, each presenting
an important equation of Physics, from the simplest and oldest, to
more complex and recent ones. The target audience is the interested
general public, hence no mathematics is involved (beyond the simple
expression of each equation).What can a professional 'read' in an
equation? Does one see a rainbow differently when one knows the law
of refraction of light? Do some equations tell more than what they
were invented for? The book presents an opportunity to think about
the nature of the physical laws (without writing a philosophy
treatise): are they written in advance, or only the result of our
imagination?Memories and personal quotes in the book underline the
intimate relation between a scientist and his research, and the
interplay with his personal life. Each chapter is illustrated by a
full page artistic drawing by Lison Bernet, sometimes kind,
sometimes funny, and always poetic.
The book gathers the lecture notes of the Les Houches Summer School
that was held in August 2011 for an audience of advanced graduate
students and post-doctoral fellows in particle physics, theoretical
physics, and cosmology, areas where new experimental results were
on the verge of being discovered at CERN. Every Les Houches School
has its own distinct character. This one was held during a summer
of great anticipation that at any moment contact might be made with
the most recent theories of the nature of the fundamental forces
and the structure of space-time. In fact, during the session, the
long anticipated discovery of the Higgs particle was announced. The
book vividly describes the fruitful and healthy "schizophrenia"
that is the rule among the community of theoreticians who have
split into several components: those doing phenomenology, and those
dealing with highly theoretical problems, with a few trying to
bridge both domains. The lectures by theoreticians covered many
directions in the theory of elementary particles, from classics
such as the Supersymmetric Standard Model to very recent ideas such
as the relation between black holes, hydrodynamics, and
gauge-gravity duality. The lectures by experimentalists explained
in detail how intensively and how precisely the LHC collider has
verified the theoretical predictions of the Standard Model,
predictions that were at the front lines of experimental discovery
during the 70's, 80's and 90's, and how the LHC is ready to make
new discoveries. They described many of the ingenious and
pioneering techniques developed at CERN for the detection and the
data analysis of billions of billions of proton-proton collisions.
Today's physics has led to incredible advances in the technology we
use in daily life - from cell phones and GPS systems to PET scans
and more. Current theories in physics have been amazingly effective
in practical terms. Yet all is far from well: the two foundational
concepts in physics - Quantum Theory and General Relativity - are
incompatible with each other, and observations of the universe show
that our theories are incomplete - at best.While physicists have
tried to paper over this impasse by inventing dark matter and dark
energy, they remain unobserved mysteries. Adding fuel to the fire
of current crises, artificial intelligence threatens to replace our
most cherished theories and procedures with arcane algorithms.
Worse yet perhaps, the public understands physics poorly, either
taking it for granted or fearing and rejecting it
completely.Physicists dream of a new universal theory that will
completely change how we see our world, much as Einstein did with
relativity and Newton with gravity. Likewise, society loves the
romantic notion of a single genius heroically creating a massive
paradigm shift. Still, is this scenario likely today? Perhaps the
next steps in physics will be incremental rather than gigantic.In
Physics in Crisis, Bruno Mansoulie uses simple language, insightful
examples, and his personal experience as a working physicist to
address these fundamental questions and reflect on how today's
crises in physics might be solved.
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